Macrozith
Generic Name
Azithromycin
Manufacturer
Local Pharma Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| macrozith 250 mg capsule | ৳ 20.00 | ৳ 120.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Macrozith-250-mg-capsule contains Azithromycin, a macrolide antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections of the respiratory tract, skin, soft tissue, and certain sexually transmitted diseases.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
For most infections, 500 mg once on day 1, then 250 mg once daily for 4 days, or 250 mg once daily for 5 days. For Chlamydia trachomatis, a single 1 gm dose. Dosage varies by indication, consult a physician.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustment is required in elderly patients with normal renal and hepatic function, but caution is advised in those with significant impairment.
Renal_impairment
No dose adjustment is needed for mild to moderate renal impairment (creatinine clearance >40 mL/min). Caution is advised in severe renal impairment.
How to Take
Macrozith-250-mg-capsule can be taken orally with or without food. To minimize gastrointestinal upset, it can be taken with food.
Mechanism of Action
Azithromycin inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit, thereby interfering with mRNA translation and bacterial growth.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Therapeutic effects typically begin within hours of the first dose, depending on the infection type and severity.
Excretion
Primarily excreted unchanged in the bile (about 50%), with a smaller portion (about 6%) excreted in the urine.
Half life
The plasma elimination half-life is 2 to 4 days, attributed to its extensive tissue uptake and slow release.
Absorption
Rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract; bioavailability is approximately 37%. Peak plasma concentrations are reached within 2-3 hours.
Metabolism
Partially metabolized in the liver to inactive metabolites, but a significant portion is excreted unchanged.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to azithromycin, erythromycin, any macrolide or ketolide antibiotic, or to any component of the formulation.
- History of cholestatic jaundice or hepatic dysfunction associated with prior azithromycin use.
Drug Interactions
Digoxin
May increase serum digoxin levels, monitor digoxin levels.
Warfarin
Increased anticoagulant effect, monitor INR.
Nelfinavir
Increased azithromycin serum concentrations, monitoring advised.
Ergot derivatives (e.g., ergotamine)
Potential for acute ergotism, concurrent use is contraindicated.
Antacids (containing aluminum or magnesium)
Decreased peak plasma levels of azithromycin, take azithromycin at least 2 hours before or after antacids.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include severe nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and reversible hearing loss. Management involves gastric lavage, supportive care, and symptomatic treatment as required.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Azithromycin is excreted in breast milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing woman.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to azithromycin, erythromycin, any macrolide or ketolide antibiotic, or to any component of the formulation.
- History of cholestatic jaundice or hepatic dysfunction associated with prior azithromycin use.
Drug Interactions
Digoxin
May increase serum digoxin levels, monitor digoxin levels.
Warfarin
Increased anticoagulant effect, monitor INR.
Nelfinavir
Increased azithromycin serum concentrations, monitoring advised.
Ergot derivatives (e.g., ergotamine)
Potential for acute ergotism, concurrent use is contraindicated.
Antacids (containing aluminum or magnesium)
Decreased peak plasma levels of azithromycin, take azithromycin at least 2 hours before or after antacids.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include severe nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and reversible hearing loss. Management involves gastric lavage, supportive care, and symptomatic treatment as required.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Azithromycin is excreted in breast milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing woman.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
24 to 36 months from the date of manufacture.
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory bodies (e.g., DGDA, FDA)
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Azithromycin has been extensively studied in numerous clinical trials demonstrating its efficacy and safety in various bacterial infections. Post-marketing surveillance continues to monitor its use.
Lab Monitoring
- Liver function tests (especially in patients with pre-existing hepatic impairment or prolonged therapy).
- Renal function tests (in severe renal impairment).
- INR if concomitant warfarin therapy is used.
Doctor Notes
- Assess for potential drug interactions, especially with warfarin, digoxin, and drugs known to prolong the QT interval.
- Counsel patients on the importance of completing the full course of therapy.
- Monitor for signs of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea post-treatment.
- Advise patients to report any signs of hepatic dysfunction or severe allergic reactions.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the entire prescribed course of medicine, even if symptoms improve.
- Do not share your medication with others.
- Report any severe or persistent side effects to your doctor.
- Inform your doctor about all other medications and supplements you are taking.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Driving Precautions
Azithromycin may cause dizziness or visual disturbances in some individuals. Patients should be advised to exercise caution when driving or operating machinery until they are sure they can perform such activities safely.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hydration during treatment.
- Avoid alcohol if it aggravates gastrointestinal side effects.
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