Maczith
Generic Name
Azithromycin
Manufacturer
Reputable Pharmaceutical Company
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| maczith 200 mg suspension | ৳ 95.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Maczith 200 mg Suspension is a macrolide antibiotic containing Azithromycin. It is used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections in children and sometimes adults, including respiratory tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections, and middle ear infections.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Adults: For community-acquired pneumonia, pharyngitis/tonsillitis (second-line), and skin/soft tissue infections: 500 mg (2.5 vials of 200 mg/5 mL) as a single dose on Day 1, then 250 mg (1.25 vials of 200 mg/5 mL) once daily for 4 more days. For uncomplicated Chlamydia: 1 g (5 vials of 200 mg/5 mL) as a single dose. Note: Suspension is typically for pediatric use, but can be used for adults if appropriate.
Elderly
No specific dosage adjustment is required for elderly patients; use adult dosage.
Children
For acute otitis media and pharyngitis/tonsillitis: 10 mg/kg once daily for 3 days, or 10 mg/kg on Day 1 then 5 mg/kg on Days 2-5. For other infections, typically 10 mg/kg once daily for 3 days (max 500 mg/day) or 12 mg/kg for 5 days (max 500 mg/day).
Renal_impairment
No dosage adjustment is necessary for patients with mild to moderate renal impairment (creatinine clearance > 10 mL/min). Caution is advised in severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance < 10 mL/min) due to lack of data.
How to Take
Maczith suspension should be taken orally. It can be administered with or without food. Shake the bottle well before each use. Use the provided measuring device (e.g., oral syringe or measuring spoon) to ensure accurate dosing.
Mechanism of Action
Azithromycin inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit of susceptible microorganisms, thereby preventing peptide translocation. This leads to an inhibition of bacterial growth (bacteriostatic effect).
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Antibacterial effects typically begin within 2-3 hours after administration.
Excretion
Mainly excreted unchanged in the bile (approximately 50%); a smaller portion (around 6-12%) is excreted renally.
Half life
Terminal elimination half-life is long, ranging from 2-4 days, allowing for once-daily dosing.
Absorption
Rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract; bioavailability is approximately 37%. Peak plasma concentrations are reached within 2-3 hours.
Metabolism
Primarily metabolized in the liver, with minor metabolism via CYP450 enzymes.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to azithromycin, erythromycin, any macrolide or ketolide antibiotic, or to any component of the formulation.
- History of cholestatic jaundice/hepatic dysfunction associated with prior azithromycin use.
Drug Interactions
Digoxin
May increase digoxin concentrations. Monitor digoxin levels if coadministered.
Warfarin
Concurrent use may potentiate the anticoagulant effect of warfarin. Close monitoring of Prothrombin Time (PT) / International Normalized Ratio (INR) is recommended.
Nelfinavir
Coadministration with nelfinavir significantly increases azithromycin serum concentrations. Monitor for azithromycin side effects.
Cyclosporine
Concurrent use may increase cyclosporine levels. Monitor cyclosporine levels and adjust dose as necessary.
Antacids (aluminum- or magnesium-containing)
Coadministration with antacids may reduce the peak plasma concentration of azithromycin, but not the overall absorption. Take azithromycin at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after antacids.
QT-prolonging drugs (e.g., Class IA and III antiarrhythmics, cisapride, terfenadine)
Increased risk of QT prolongation and arrhythmias. Avoid coadministration if possible.
Storage
Store the dry powder below 30°C in a dry place, away from direct light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children. After reconstitution, store the suspension as per manufacturer's instructions, typically at room temperature (25°C) or refrigerated (2-8°C) for the specified period, then discard any unused portion.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include severe nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and reversible hearing loss. Management involves symptomatic and supportive measures. Gastric lavage and general supportive therapy are indicated as necessary.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have shown no evidence of harm to the fetus. However, there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Azithromycin should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Azithromycin is excreted in human milk. Caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing woman.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to azithromycin, erythromycin, any macrolide or ketolide antibiotic, or to any component of the formulation.
- History of cholestatic jaundice/hepatic dysfunction associated with prior azithromycin use.
Drug Interactions
Digoxin
May increase digoxin concentrations. Monitor digoxin levels if coadministered.
Warfarin
Concurrent use may potentiate the anticoagulant effect of warfarin. Close monitoring of Prothrombin Time (PT) / International Normalized Ratio (INR) is recommended.
Nelfinavir
Coadministration with nelfinavir significantly increases azithromycin serum concentrations. Monitor for azithromycin side effects.
Cyclosporine
Concurrent use may increase cyclosporine levels. Monitor cyclosporine levels and adjust dose as necessary.
Antacids (aluminum- or magnesium-containing)
Coadministration with antacids may reduce the peak plasma concentration of azithromycin, but not the overall absorption. Take azithromycin at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after antacids.
QT-prolonging drugs (e.g., Class IA and III antiarrhythmics, cisapride, terfenadine)
Increased risk of QT prolongation and arrhythmias. Avoid coadministration if possible.
Storage
Store the dry powder below 30°C in a dry place, away from direct light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children. After reconstitution, store the suspension as per manufacturer's instructions, typically at room temperature (25°C) or refrigerated (2-8°C) for the specified period, then discard any unused portion.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include severe nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and reversible hearing loss. Management involves symptomatic and supportive measures. Gastric lavage and general supportive therapy are indicated as necessary.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have shown no evidence of harm to the fetus. However, there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Azithromycin should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Azithromycin is excreted in human milk. Caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing woman.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Unreconstituted dry powder: 24-36 months. Reconstituted suspension: Typically 5-10 days when stored as directed (e.g., at room temperature or refrigerated).
Availability
Available in pharmacies and hospitals
Approval Status
Approved (Generic widely approved)
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Azithromycin has undergone extensive clinical trials demonstrating its efficacy and safety in various bacterial infections across different age groups. Post-marketing surveillance also continuously monitors its performance.
Lab Monitoring
- Liver function tests (LFTs) for patients with pre-existing hepatic impairment or during prolonged treatment.
- International Normalized Ratio (INR) for patients concurrently taking warfarin.
- ECG monitoring for patients with risk factors for QT prolongation.
Doctor Notes
- Assess patient's medical history for hypersensitivity to macrolides or history of liver dysfunction before prescribing.
- Consider potential drug interactions, especially with warfarin, digoxin, and QT-prolonging agents.
- Advise patients to complete the full course of treatment to prevent resistance.
- Monitor for signs of C. difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD) if severe or persistent diarrhea develops.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of medication, even if symptoms improve, to prevent recurrence and development of antibiotic resistance.
- Shake the suspension well before each use and use the provided measuring device for accurate dosing.
- Report any severe or persistent side effects to your doctor immediately.
- Do not share this medication with others, even if they have similar symptoms.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Maczith generally does not impair the ability to drive or operate machinery. However, if you experience dizziness or visual disturbances as a side effect, you should avoid these activities until you feel well.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain adequate hydration.
- Avoid alcohol consumption if gastrointestinal upset occurs.
- Follow good hygiene practices to prevent the spread of infection.
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