mexclav
Generic Name
Amoxicillin and Clavulanic Acid
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals PLC.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| mexclav 125 mg suspension | ৳ 252.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Mexclav 125 mg Suspension is an antibiotic combination of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections. Amoxicillin kills bacteria, while clavulanic acid prevents bacteria from inactivating amoxicillin.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
This 125 mg suspension is primarily intended for pediatric use. For adults, higher strengths (e.g., 250 mg/125 mg or 500 mg/125 mg) are typically used, generally 250/125 mg three times daily or 500/125 mg twice daily, depending on infection severity.
Elderly
Dosage adjustment may be required based on renal function. Monitor renal function closely.
Renal_impairment
Dosage adjustment is necessary; the frequency and/or dose should be reduced according to the degree of renal impairment. Consult prescribing information for specific guidelines.
How to Take
For oral administration. Shake the bottle well before each use. Can be taken at the start of a meal to minimize potential gastrointestinal intolerance.
Mechanism of Action
Amoxicillin inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), leading to cell lysis and death. Clavulanic acid is a beta-lactamase inhibitor that irreversibly binds to beta-lactamase enzymes, protecting amoxicillin from degradation by resistant bacteria.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
1-2 hours
Excretion
Primarily renal; about 60-80% of amoxicillin and 25-40% of clavulanic acid are excreted unchanged in urine within 6 hours.
Half life
Amoxicillin: approximately 1-1.3 hours; Clavulanic acid: approximately 0.9-1.2 hours.
Absorption
Rapidly absorbed after oral administration; peak plasma concentrations achieved in approximately 1-2 hours. Bioavailability of amoxicillin is about 70%, and clavulanic acid is about 60%. Absorption of clavulanic acid is enhanced when taken with food.
Metabolism
Amoxicillin undergoes limited hepatic metabolism. Clavulanic acid is extensively metabolized in the liver.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known history of hypersensitivity to penicillin, cephalosporins, or any component of the formulation.
- History of cholestatic jaundice/hepatic dysfunction associated with previous amoxicillin/clavulanate therapy.
- Severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance < 30 mL/min) without appropriate dose adjustment.
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Concomitant use with probenecid may increase and prolong the plasma concentrations of amoxicillin by reducing its renal tubular secretion.
Allopurinol
Increased incidence of skin rash when co-administered with allopurinol.
Methotrexate
May increase methotrexate toxicity due to reduced renal clearance of methotrexate.
Oral anticoagulants
May prolong prothrombin time and increase the risk of bleeding; monitor INR carefully.
Storage
Store the dry powder below 25°C in a dry place. Protect from moisture. Keep reconstituted suspension refrigerated (2-8°C) and out of reach of children. Do not freeze.
Overdose
Symptoms may include gastrointestinal discomfort, such as stomach upset, vomiting, and diarrhea. Fluid and electrolyte imbalance may occur. Management is primarily supportive; activated charcoal may be used if recent. Hemodialysis can remove amoxicillin/clavulanate from circulation.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have not shown teratogenicity, but human data are limited. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Both amoxicillin and clavulanic acid are excreted into breast milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing mother.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known history of hypersensitivity to penicillin, cephalosporins, or any component of the formulation.
- History of cholestatic jaundice/hepatic dysfunction associated with previous amoxicillin/clavulanate therapy.
- Severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance < 30 mL/min) without appropriate dose adjustment.
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Concomitant use with probenecid may increase and prolong the plasma concentrations of amoxicillin by reducing its renal tubular secretion.
Allopurinol
Increased incidence of skin rash when co-administered with allopurinol.
Methotrexate
May increase methotrexate toxicity due to reduced renal clearance of methotrexate.
Oral anticoagulants
May prolong prothrombin time and increase the risk of bleeding; monitor INR carefully.
Storage
Store the dry powder below 25°C in a dry place. Protect from moisture. Keep reconstituted suspension refrigerated (2-8°C) and out of reach of children. Do not freeze.
Overdose
Symptoms may include gastrointestinal discomfort, such as stomach upset, vomiting, and diarrhea. Fluid and electrolyte imbalance may occur. Management is primarily supportive; activated charcoal may be used if recent. Hemodialysis can remove amoxicillin/clavulanate from circulation.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have not shown teratogenicity, but human data are limited. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Both amoxicillin and clavulanic acid are excreted into breast milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing mother.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 18-24 months for the dry powder. After reconstitution, the suspension is stable for 7-10 days when stored under refrigeration (2-8°C).
Availability
Pharmacies, hospitals
Approval Status
Widely approved globally
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensive clinical trials have established the efficacy and safety of amoxicillin-clavulanate in treating a wide range of bacterial infections across various patient populations, including pediatrics. Ongoing surveillance confirms its continued relevance.
Lab Monitoring
- Liver function tests (LFTs) in patients with pre-existing hepatic impairment or during prolonged therapy.
- Renal function tests (e.g., creatinine clearance) in patients with renal impairment.
- Complete blood count (CBC) during prolonged therapy, especially if signs of bone marrow suppression occur.
Doctor Notes
- Crucial to educate parents/caregivers on proper reconstitution and administration techniques for pediatric suspensions.
- Monitor for signs of allergic reactions, particularly during the initial doses. Advise patients to discontinue immediately if signs of hypersensitivity appear.
- Consider liver function tests if therapy is prolonged or in patients with pre-existing hepatic conditions. Renal dosage adjustment is mandatory for impaired renal function.
Patient Guidelines
- Always complete the full prescribed course of medication, even if symptoms improve, to prevent recurrence and development of antibiotic resistance.
- Shake the suspension vigorously before each use to ensure uniform dosing.
- Use the provided measuring device for accurate dosing. Do not use household spoons.
- Report any severe diarrhea, skin rash, or difficulty breathing to your doctor immediately.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as you remember, unless it is almost time for the next dose. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
This medicine may cause dizziness or other side effects that could affect your ability to drive or operate machinery. If you experience such effects, avoid driving or engaging in activities requiring alertness.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hydration by drinking plenty of fluids.
- Ensure a balanced diet to support recovery.
- Avoid alcohol consumption during treatment as it may exacerbate gastrointestinal side effects.
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