mexclav
Generic Name
Amoxicillin Trihydrate + Clavulanic Acid
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| mexclav 250 mg tablet | ৳ 35.00 | ৳ 245.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Mexclav is an antibiotic medication combining Amoxicillin and Clavulanic Acid. It is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections by killing the bacteria and preventing them from developing resistance.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
The usual adult dose is one Mexclav 250 mg tablet every 8 hours, or one Mexclav 500 mg tablet every 12 hours, depending on the severity and type of infection. Higher doses may be required for severe infections.
Elderly
No dosage adjustment is generally required for elderly patients unless there is evidence of renal impairment. Renal function should be monitored.
Renal_impairment
Dosage adjustment is necessary for patients with renal impairment based on creatinine clearance. For CrCl 10-30 mL/min, 250 mg/62.5 mg every 12 hours; for CrCl <10 mL/min, 250 mg/62.5 mg every 24 hours.
How to Take
Take the tablet whole with a glass of water. To minimize potential gastrointestinal intolerance, Mexclav should be taken at the start of a meal. Complete the full course of treatment as prescribed by your doctor.
Mechanism of Action
Amoxicillin works by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis, leading to bacterial cell death. Clavulanic acid is a beta-lactamase inhibitor that prevents beta-lactamase enzymes produced by bacteria from inactivating Amoxicillin, thereby extending Amoxicillin's antibacterial spectrum.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Rapid, with antibacterial effects typically observed within hours of administration.
Excretion
Mainly excreted unchanged by the kidneys (glomerular filtration and tubular secretion) for Amoxicillin. Clavulanic Acid is also eliminated renally and via other routes.
Half life
Amoxicillin: approximately 1-1.5 hours; Clavulanic Acid: approximately 1 hour. Half-life may be prolonged in patients with impaired renal function.
Absorption
Both Amoxicillin and Clavulanic Acid are well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration, with peak plasma concentrations occurring within 1-2 hours.
Metabolism
Amoxicillin is partially metabolized to an inactive metabolite. Clavulanic Acid is extensively metabolized.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- History of hypersensitivity to Amoxicillin, Clavulanic Acid, or any penicillin.
- History of severe immediate hypersensitivity reaction to any other beta-lactam agent (e.g., cephalosporins, carbapenems).
- History of cholestatic jaundice/hepatic dysfunction associated with Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid.
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Decreases renal tubular secretion of Amoxicillin, leading to increased and prolonged blood levels of Amoxicillin (but not Clavulanic Acid).
Allopurinol
Increased incidence of rash when co-administered with Amoxicillin.
Methotrexate
May reduce methotrexate excretion, increasing its toxicity.
Warfarin and other oral anticoagulants
May prolong prothrombin time; co-administration should be with caution and close monitoring of INR.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from direct sunlight and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Overdose symptoms may include gastrointestinal symptoms (abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea) and fluid and electrolyte imbalance. Rarely, renal failure may occur. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive, with close monitoring of fluid and electrolyte balance. Hemodialysis can remove both Amoxicillin and Clavulanic Acid from circulation.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have not shown harm to the fetus, but adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women are lacking. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Both Amoxicillin and Clavulanic Acid are excreted into breast milk. Use with caution in nursing mothers, considering potential effects on the infant (e.g., sensitization, diarrhea, candidiasis).
Side Effects
Contraindications
- History of hypersensitivity to Amoxicillin, Clavulanic Acid, or any penicillin.
- History of severe immediate hypersensitivity reaction to any other beta-lactam agent (e.g., cephalosporins, carbapenems).
- History of cholestatic jaundice/hepatic dysfunction associated with Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid.
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Decreases renal tubular secretion of Amoxicillin, leading to increased and prolonged blood levels of Amoxicillin (but not Clavulanic Acid).
Allopurinol
Increased incidence of rash when co-administered with Amoxicillin.
Methotrexate
May reduce methotrexate excretion, increasing its toxicity.
Warfarin and other oral anticoagulants
May prolong prothrombin time; co-administration should be with caution and close monitoring of INR.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from direct sunlight and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Overdose symptoms may include gastrointestinal symptoms (abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea) and fluid and electrolyte imbalance. Rarely, renal failure may occur. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive, with close monitoring of fluid and electrolyte balance. Hemodialysis can remove both Amoxicillin and Clavulanic Acid from circulation.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have not shown harm to the fetus, but adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women are lacking. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Both Amoxicillin and Clavulanic Acid are excreted into breast milk. Use with caution in nursing mothers, considering potential effects on the infant (e.g., sensitization, diarrhea, candidiasis).
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years from manufacturing date.
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
Approved (Generic)
Patent Status
Generic Available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid has undergone extensive clinical trials demonstrating its efficacy and safety across various bacterial infections. Ongoing post-marketing surveillance continues to monitor its profile.
Lab Monitoring
- Liver function tests (especially transaminases, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase) for prolonged therapy or in patients with hepatic impairment.
- Renal function tests (e.g., serum creatinine, BUN) in patients with pre-existing renal impairment or during prolonged high-dose therapy.
- Complete blood count (CBC) during prolonged therapy to monitor for hematological abnormalities.
Doctor Notes
- Assess patient's allergy history carefully before prescribing, especially to penicillins or cephalosporins.
- Adjust dosage for patients with renal impairment based on creatinine clearance.
- Educate patients on the importance of completing the full course to prevent resistance.
- Monitor for signs of hepatic dysfunction, particularly in patients with pre-existing liver disease.
Patient Guidelines
- Always complete the full course of antibiotics as prescribed by your doctor, even if you feel better. Stopping early can lead to the return of infection and antibiotic resistance.
- Take the medicine with food to reduce stomach upset.
- Report any severe or persistent side effects to your doctor.
- Do not share your medicine with others, even if they have similar symptoms.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Mexclav generally has no or negligible influence on the ability to drive and use machines. However, side effects like dizziness may occur, which could affect concentration. If affected, avoid driving or operating machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hygiene to prevent spread of infection.
- Ensure adequate fluid intake, especially if experiencing diarrhea.
- Avoid self-medication with antibiotics.
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