Moxacil
Generic Name
Amoxicillin
Manufacturer
Eskayef Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| moxacil 125 mg pediatric drop | ৳ 35.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Moxacil 125 mg Pediatric Drop contains Amoxicillin, a broad-spectrum penicillin antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections in infants and young children, including respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, and skin infections.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Children
General pediatric dose: 20-50 mg/kg/day in divided doses every 8 hours, or as directed by physician. For severe infections, up to 80-90 mg/kg/day in divided doses.
Renal_impairment
Dose adjustment required based on creatinine clearance. Consult physician.
Infants_under_3_months
30 mg/kg/day in divided doses every 12 hours.
How to Take
Administer orally. Can be taken with or without food. Use the provided dropper for accurate measurement. Shake the bottle well before each use.
Mechanism of Action
Amoxicillin is a bactericidal antibiotic belonging to the penicillin group. It inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), leading to bacterial cell lysis and death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Within 30-60 minutes.
Excretion
Primarily excreted unchanged in the urine by renal tubular secretion and glomerular filtration. About 60% of an oral dose is excreted unchanged within 6-8 hours.
Half life
Approximately 1-1.5 hours (in individuals with normal renal function).
Absorption
Rapidly and well-absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, especially when taken orally. Peak plasma concentrations are achieved within 1-2 hours.
Metabolism
Minimal hepatic metabolism; about 10-25% is metabolized to inactive penicilloic acid.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to amoxicillin, any other penicillin, or to any of the excipients.
- History of severe immediate hypersensitivity reaction (e.g., anaphylaxis) to any other beta-lactam agent (e.g., cephalosporin, carbapenem or monobactam).
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Increases and prolongs amoxicillin blood levels by reducing renal tubular secretion.
Allopurinol
Increased incidence of skin rash, especially in patients with hyperuricemia.
Methotrexate
Reduced excretion of methotrexate, potentially increasing toxicity.
Tetracyclines
May interfere with the bactericidal effect of amoxicillin.
Oral contraceptives
May reduce the efficacy of oral contraceptives (rarely reported).
Oral anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
May prolong prothrombin time (INR); monitor closely.
Storage
Store dry powder below 30°C, protected from light and moisture. Reconstituted suspension should be stored in a refrigerator (2-8°C) and discarded after the specified period.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea), fluid and electrolyte imbalance, and in rare cases, crystalluria leading to renal failure. Treatment is supportive; hemodialysis may be used in severe cases.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Amoxicillin is generally considered safe during pregnancy. Excreted in breast milk in small amounts; generally considered compatible with breastfeeding, but monitor infant for potential side effects (e.g., diarrhea, candidiasis, sensitization).
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to amoxicillin, any other penicillin, or to any of the excipients.
- History of severe immediate hypersensitivity reaction (e.g., anaphylaxis) to any other beta-lactam agent (e.g., cephalosporin, carbapenem or monobactam).
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Increases and prolongs amoxicillin blood levels by reducing renal tubular secretion.
Allopurinol
Increased incidence of skin rash, especially in patients with hyperuricemia.
Methotrexate
Reduced excretion of methotrexate, potentially increasing toxicity.
Tetracyclines
May interfere with the bactericidal effect of amoxicillin.
Oral contraceptives
May reduce the efficacy of oral contraceptives (rarely reported).
Oral anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
May prolong prothrombin time (INR); monitor closely.
Storage
Store dry powder below 30°C, protected from light and moisture. Reconstituted suspension should be stored in a refrigerator (2-8°C) and discarded after the specified period.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea), fluid and electrolyte imbalance, and in rare cases, crystalluria leading to renal failure. Treatment is supportive; hemodialysis may be used in severe cases.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Amoxicillin is generally considered safe during pregnancy. Excreted in breast milk in small amounts; generally considered compatible with breastfeeding, but monitor infant for potential side effects (e.g., diarrhea, candidiasis, sensitization).
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Dry powder: 2-3 years. Reconstituted suspension: 7-14 days when stored in a refrigerator (check specific product instructions).
Availability
Available in pharmacies nationwide
Approval Status
Approved by DGDA (Bangladesh)
Patent Status
Off-patent (Generic available)
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Numerous clinical trials have established the efficacy and safety of amoxicillin in treating bacterial infections across various patient populations, including pediatrics. Post-marketing surveillance continues to monitor safety.
Lab Monitoring
- Liver function tests (LFTs) in prolonged therapy or in patients with hepatic impairment.
- Renal function tests (RFTs) in prolonged therapy or in patients with renal impairment.
- Complete blood count (CBC) in prolonged therapy.
- Culture and sensitivity tests prior to initiation of therapy to confirm bacterial susceptibility.
Doctor Notes
- Ensure proper diagnosis before prescribing; amoxicillin is not effective against viral infections.
- Educate parents/caregivers on the importance of completing the full course and proper administration.
- Monitor for signs of allergic reactions, especially after the first dose.
- Consider co-prescription of probiotics to mitigate gastrointestinal side effects, especially in children.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of antibiotics as prescribed, even if symptoms improve.
- Do not save medication for future infections or share it with others.
- Shake well before each use and measure the dose accurately using the provided dropper.
- Store at room temperature, away from moisture and heat. Discard any unused portion after 7-14 days (check specific product leaflet).
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as remembered. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume the regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose.
Driving Precautions
Amoxicillin is generally not expected to affect the ability to drive or operate machinery. However, if side effects like dizziness occur, advise caution.
Lifestyle Advice
- Encourage fluid intake to prevent crystalluria.
- Maintain good hygiene to prevent spread of infection.
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