Moxaclav
Generic Name
Amoxicillin Trihydrate and Clavulanate Potassium
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
---|---|---|
moxaclav 875 mg tablet | ৳ 45.00 | ৳ 270.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Moxaclav 875 mg tablet is a broad-spectrum antibiotic combination containing amoxicillin, a penicillin-type antibiotic, and clavulanate potassium, a beta-lactamase inhibitor. It is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
One 875 mg/125 mg tablet twice daily (every 12 hours) for 7-10 days, depending on the severity and type of infection.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustment is usually required unless there is severe renal impairment.
Renal_impairment
Dose adjustment required based on creatinine clearance. For CrCl <30 mL/min, 875/125 mg is generally not recommended; lower strengths or alternative antibiotics may be used.
How to Take
Take the tablet whole with a glass of water, preferably at the start of a meal to reduce potential gastrointestinal intolerance. Do not chew or crush.
Mechanism of Action
Amoxicillin inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), leading to bacterial cell lysis and death. Clavulanate potassium inactivates beta-lactamase enzymes produced by resistant bacteria, thereby extending amoxicillin's spectrum of activity.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Within 1-2 hours
Excretion
Primarily renally excreted (via urine)
Half life
Approximately 1-1.5 hours for both components
Absorption
Both amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium are well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract following oral administration. Absorption is optimized when taken at the start of a meal.
Metabolism
Amoxicillin is minimally metabolized; clavulanate is extensively metabolized.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- History of severe hypersensitivity reaction (e.g., anaphylaxis or Stevens-Johnson syndrome) to amoxicillin, clavulanate, or other beta-lactam antibiotics (e.g., penicillins, cephalosporins)
- History of amoxicillin/clavulanate-associated jaundice or hepatic dysfunction
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Increases and prolongs amoxicillin blood levels by reducing renal tubular secretion. Concomitant use is not recommended.
Methotrexate
May increase methotrexate toxicity due to reduced renal excretion. Close monitoring is recommended.
Oral Contraceptives
May reduce the efficacy of oral contraceptives; advise backup contraception.
Anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
May prolong prothrombin time (INR). Regular monitoring of coagulation parameters is advised.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include gastrointestinal symptoms (e.g., abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea), fluid and electrolyte imbalance, and rarely, convulsions. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive, including gastric lavage or activated charcoal if recent ingestion. Hemodialysis can remove amoxicillin/clavulanate from circulation.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have not shown harm to the fetus. Limited human data suggest no increased risk. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Both amoxicillin and clavulanate are excreted in breast milk. Use with caution during lactation; monitor for potential adverse effects in the infant (e.g., diarrhea, candidiasis).
Side Effects
Contraindications
- History of severe hypersensitivity reaction (e.g., anaphylaxis or Stevens-Johnson syndrome) to amoxicillin, clavulanate, or other beta-lactam antibiotics (e.g., penicillins, cephalosporins)
- History of amoxicillin/clavulanate-associated jaundice or hepatic dysfunction
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Increases and prolongs amoxicillin blood levels by reducing renal tubular secretion. Concomitant use is not recommended.
Methotrexate
May increase methotrexate toxicity due to reduced renal excretion. Close monitoring is recommended.
Oral Contraceptives
May reduce the efficacy of oral contraceptives; advise backup contraception.
Anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
May prolong prothrombin time (INR). Regular monitoring of coagulation parameters is advised.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include gastrointestinal symptoms (e.g., abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea), fluid and electrolyte imbalance, and rarely, convulsions. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive, including gastric lavage or activated charcoal if recent ingestion. Hemodialysis can remove amoxicillin/clavulanate from circulation.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have not shown harm to the fetus. Limited human data suggest no increased risk. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Both amoxicillin and clavulanate are excreted in breast milk. Use with caution during lactation; monitor for potential adverse effects in the infant (e.g., diarrhea, candidiasis).
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
24 months from manufacturing date
Availability
Pharmacies, hospitals, clinics
Approval Status
Approved (internationally and in Bangladesh)
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensively studied in numerous clinical trials establishing its efficacy and safety for various bacterial infections since its introduction.
Lab Monitoring
- Periodic assessment of renal, hepatic, and hematopoietic function is advisable during prolonged therapy.
- Monitor prothrombin time/INR in patients concomitantly receiving anticoagulants.
Doctor Notes
- Emphasize the importance of completing the full antibiotic course.
- Counsel patients on potential gastrointestinal side effects and advise taking with food.
- Always inquire about penicillin/cephalosporin allergies before prescribing.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of treatment, even if you feel better, to prevent recurrence and development of antibiotic resistance.
- Take with food to minimize stomach upset.
- Inform your doctor about any allergies, especially to penicillins or cephalosporins.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Moxaclav 875 mg tablet may cause dizziness in some individuals. If you experience dizziness, avoid driving or operating machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hygiene to prevent reinfection.
- Drink plenty of fluids to help prevent dehydration, especially if experiencing diarrhea.
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