Mumox
Generic Name
Amoxicillin
Manufacturer
Incepta Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| mumox 125 mg suspension | ৳ 45.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Mumox 125 mg Suspension is a penicillin-type antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Not typically used for adults in this strength; adults usually take 250-500 mg tablets every 8 hours. If 125 mg suspension is used, dosage will be adjusted accordingly.
Elderly
Dosage adjustment may be necessary based on renal function due to potential age-related decline.
Renal_impairment
Dosage reduction is required for patients with severe renal impairment (e.g., GFR < 30 mL/min). Consult a physician for specific recommendations.
How to Take
Take orally, with or without food. Food may reduce gastrointestinal upset. Shake the bottle well before each use to ensure uniform suspension. Use the provided measuring device for accurate dosing.
Mechanism of Action
Amoxicillin inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), leading to bacterial cell lysis and death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Onset of action varies with the infection type and severity, typically within hours.
Excretion
Primarily renal excretion, with about 60-80% of an oral dose excreted unchanged in urine within 6-8 hours by glomerular filtration and tubular secretion.
Half life
Approximately 1-1.5 hours in adults with normal renal function. Prolonged in patients with renal impairment.
Absorption
Rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Peak plasma concentrations are achieved in about 1-2 hours after oral administration.
Metabolism
Limited metabolism; approximately 10-25% of the dose is metabolized to an inactive penicilloic acid.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to penicillin or any component of the formulation.
- History of a severe hypersensitivity reaction to another beta-lactam antibiotic (e.g., cephalosporins, carbapenems).
- Infectious mononucleosis (due to increased risk of rash).
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Decreases renal tubular secretion of amoxicillin, leading to increased and prolonged plasma concentrations of amoxicillin.
Methotrexate
Amoxicillin may reduce the renal clearance of methotrexate, potentially increasing its toxicity.
Oral Contraceptives
May decrease the efficacy of oral contraceptives in some cases, advising alternative contraception.
Anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
May prolong prothrombin time and increase the risk of bleeding. Close monitoring is advised.
Storage
Store the dry powder below 30°C in a dry place, protected from direct light and moisture. Keep the reconstituted suspension refrigerated (2-8°C) and do not freeze.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include gastrointestinal effects (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) and disturbances of fluid and electrolyte balance. In rare cases, renal failure may occur. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. Hemodialysis can remove amoxicillin from circulation.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have not shown harm to the fetus. Amoxicillin is excreted in small amounts in breast milk; generally considered safe for nursing infants, but monitor for diarrhea, thrush, or rash.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to penicillin or any component of the formulation.
- History of a severe hypersensitivity reaction to another beta-lactam antibiotic (e.g., cephalosporins, carbapenems).
- Infectious mononucleosis (due to increased risk of rash).
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Decreases renal tubular secretion of amoxicillin, leading to increased and prolonged plasma concentrations of amoxicillin.
Methotrexate
Amoxicillin may reduce the renal clearance of methotrexate, potentially increasing its toxicity.
Oral Contraceptives
May decrease the efficacy of oral contraceptives in some cases, advising alternative contraception.
Anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
May prolong prothrombin time and increase the risk of bleeding. Close monitoring is advised.
Storage
Store the dry powder below 30°C in a dry place, protected from direct light and moisture. Keep the reconstituted suspension refrigerated (2-8°C) and do not freeze.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include gastrointestinal effects (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) and disturbances of fluid and electrolyte balance. In rare cases, renal failure may occur. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. Hemodialysis can remove amoxicillin from circulation.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have not shown harm to the fetus. Amoxicillin is excreted in small amounts in breast milk; generally considered safe for nursing infants, but monitor for diarrhea, thrush, or rash.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
24-36 months for unopened dry powder. 7-14 days for reconstituted suspension when stored refrigerated (2-8°C).
Availability
Pharmacies
Approval Status
Approved by DGDA
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Amoxicillin has been extensively studied and is a well-established antibiotic. Clinical trials for specific brand formulations typically focus on bioequivalence to the innovator drug and local efficacy/safety in specific populations, often in pediatric settings for suspensions.
Lab Monitoring
- Complete blood count (CBC) during prolonged therapy.
- Renal function tests (e.g., serum creatinine, BUN) in patients with pre-existing renal impairment or during high-dose therapy.
- Liver function tests (LFTs) if cholestatic jaundice or hepatitis is suspected.
Doctor Notes
- Emphasize to parents/caregivers the importance of completing the full course of therapy to prevent recurrence and resistance.
- Advise on proper reconstitution and storage of the suspension.
- Counsel about potential allergic reactions and when to seek medical attention.
Patient Guidelines
- It is crucial to complete the entire prescribed course of antibiotics, even if symptoms improve, to prevent the development of antibiotic resistance.
- Shake the suspension vigorously before each use to ensure proper mixing.
- Use the provided measuring spoon or cup to ensure accurate dosing, especially for children.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Amoxicillin generally does not impair the ability to drive or operate machinery. However, if side effects such as dizziness occur, avoid such activities.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hygiene to prevent the spread of infection.
- Ensure adequate fluid intake to stay hydrated, especially if experiencing diarrhea.
- Avoid self-medication or sharing antibiotics with others.
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