Navalexin
Generic Name
Navalexin 250 mg Capsule (Hypothetical Cephalexin-like)
Manufacturer
MediCare Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| navalexin 250 mg capsule | ৳ 5.00 | ৳ 50.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Navalexin 250 mg Capsule is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections, including those of the respiratory tract, skin, urinary tract, and middle ear. It belongs to the first-generation cephalosporin class of antibiotics.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
250 mg to 500 mg every 6 hours, or 500 mg every 12 hours, depending on the severity and type of infection. Max dose: 4 g/day.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustment is generally required unless there is significant renal impairment. Monitor renal function.
Renal_impairment
Dosage adjustment necessary based on creatinine clearance. For CrCl 30-59 mL/min: Max 500 mg every 8-12 hours. For CrCl 15-29 mL/min: Max 500 mg every 12-24 hours. For CrCl <15 mL/min: Max 250 mg every 12-24 hours.
How to Take
Navalexin capsules should be taken orally, with or without food. Taking it with food may help reduce gastrointestinal upset. Swallow the capsule whole with a glass of water; do not chew or crush it. Complete the full course of treatment as prescribed, even if symptoms improve.
Mechanism of Action
Navalexin works by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. It binds to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), which are essential for the synthesis of peptidoglycan, a major component of the bacterial cell wall. This disruption leads to osmotic instability and ultimately bacterial cell lysis and death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Within 1 hour (peak plasma levels reached).
Excretion
Mainly by the kidneys via glomerular filtration and tubular secretion, primarily as unchanged drug in urine.
Half life
Approximately 0.5 to 1.6 hours.
Absorption
Rapidly and well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, especially when taken on an empty stomach.
Metabolism
Minimally metabolized; primarily excreted unchanged.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to cephalexin or any other cephalosporin antibiotics.
- History of severe hypersensitivity reaction (e.g., anaphylaxis) to any penicillin antibiotic.
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
May enhance the anticoagulant effect of warfarin, increasing the risk of bleeding. Close INR monitoring is recommended.
Metformin
May increase metformin plasma concentrations, potentially leading to increased adverse effects. Monitor for hypoglycemia and adjust metformin dose if necessary.
Probenecid
May decrease the renal excretion of cephalexin, leading to increased and prolonged plasma levels. This interaction can be exploited therapeutically.
Other nephrotoxic drugs
Concurrent use with other nephrotoxic drugs (e.g., aminoglycosides) may increase the risk of kidney damage. Monitor renal function.
Storage
Store in a cool and dry place, below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, epigastric distress, and hematuria. In severe cases, central nervous system excitability or seizures may occur, especially in patients with renal impairment. Management is primarily supportive and symptomatic. Gastric lavage or activated charcoal may be considered. Hemodialysis may be useful in removing Navalexin from the bloodstream.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have not shown a risk, but there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Use only if clearly needed. Navalexin is excreted in human milk in small amounts; use with caution in nursing mothers.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to cephalexin or any other cephalosporin antibiotics.
- History of severe hypersensitivity reaction (e.g., anaphylaxis) to any penicillin antibiotic.
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
May enhance the anticoagulant effect of warfarin, increasing the risk of bleeding. Close INR monitoring is recommended.
Metformin
May increase metformin plasma concentrations, potentially leading to increased adverse effects. Monitor for hypoglycemia and adjust metformin dose if necessary.
Probenecid
May decrease the renal excretion of cephalexin, leading to increased and prolonged plasma levels. This interaction can be exploited therapeutically.
Other nephrotoxic drugs
Concurrent use with other nephrotoxic drugs (e.g., aminoglycosides) may increase the risk of kidney damage. Monitor renal function.
Storage
Store in a cool and dry place, below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, epigastric distress, and hematuria. In severe cases, central nervous system excitability or seizures may occur, especially in patients with renal impairment. Management is primarily supportive and symptomatic. Gastric lavage or activated charcoal may be considered. Hemodialysis may be useful in removing Navalexin from the bloodstream.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have not shown a risk, but there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Use only if clearly needed. Navalexin is excreted in human milk in small amounts; use with caution in nursing mothers.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
36 months from the date of manufacture
Availability
Available in pharmacies nationwide
Approval Status
Approved by DGDA (Bangladesh)
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensive clinical trials have established the efficacy and safety profile of cephalexin-like antibiotics for approved indications.
Lab Monitoring
- Renal function tests (e.g., creatinine, BUN) periodically, especially in patients with pre-existing renal impairment or during prolonged therapy.
- Complete blood count (CBC) if therapy is extended beyond usual duration or in patients prone to hematological disorders.
- Liver function tests (e.g., ALT, AST) if signs of hepatic dysfunction appear.
Doctor Notes
- Emphasize the importance of completing the full course to prevent resistance.
- Be mindful of potential hypersensitivity reactions, especially in patients with a history of penicillin allergy.
- Adjust dosage in patients with renal impairment to avoid accumulation and toxicity.
Patient Guidelines
- Take the medicine exactly as prescribed by your doctor.
- Complete the entire course of treatment, even if you start feeling better, to prevent bacterial resistance.
- Do not share your medicine with others, and do not use it for conditions for which it was not prescribed.
- Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Navalexin is generally not expected to impair the ability to drive or operate machinery. However, if side effects like dizziness or headache occur, patients should avoid such activities until symptoms subside.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hydration by drinking plenty of fluids.
- Avoid alcohol consumption during the treatment period as it may exacerbate gastrointestinal side effects.
- Practice good hygiene to prevent the spread of infection.
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