Nidazyl
Generic Name
Metronidazole
Manufacturer
Drug International Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| nidazyl 400 mg tablet | ৳ 1.70 | ৳ 17.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Nidazyl 400 mg Tablet contains Metronidazole, an antibiotic effective against a wide range of anaerobic bacteria and parasitic protozoa. It is used to treat various infections including amoebiasis, giardiasis, trichomoniasis, and anaerobic bacterial infections.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Amoebiasis: 400-800 mg three times daily for 5-10 days. Giardiasis: 400 mg three times daily for 5-7 days. Trichomoniasis: 200 mg three times daily for 7 days or 2 g single dose. Anaerobic infections: 400-800 mg two to three times daily.
Elderly
No specific dosage adjustment usually required for elderly patients with normal renal and hepatic function. Monitor for adverse effects.
Renal_impairment
For severe renal impairment (CrCl < 10 mL/min), consider reducing the dose or extending the dosing interval, particularly for prolonged treatment.
How to Take
Take the tablet orally, preferably with or after food, to minimize gastrointestinal upset. Swallow the tablet whole with water.
Mechanism of Action
Metronidazole is a prodrug that, once metabolized, forms reactive nitro radicals. These radicals damage DNA and other biomolecules, leading to cell death of susceptible bacteria and protozoa.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Therapeutic effects typically begin within 1-2 hours of administration.
Excretion
Mainly renal (60-80% in urine as unchanged drug and metabolites), with a small portion excreted in feces.
Half life
Approximately 6-8 hours.
Absorption
Well absorbed orally; peak plasma concentrations reached within 1-2 hours.
Metabolism
Primarily hepatic (oxidation, hydroxylation, glucuronidation) to active metabolites.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- •Hypersensitivity to metronidazole or other nitroimidazole derivatives.
- •First trimester of pregnancy (relative contraindication, use with caution and only if essential).
Drug Interactions
Alcohol
Disulfiram-like reaction (nausea, vomiting, flushing, tachycardia). Avoid alcohol during treatment and for at least 48 hours after.
Lithium
May increase lithium plasma levels, leading to toxicity. Monitor lithium levels.
Warfarin
Potentiates anticoagulant effect, increasing risk of bleeding. Monitor INR closely.
Cimetidine
May prolong metronidazole half-life and increase plasma levels.
Phenytoin/Phenobarbital
May reduce metronidazole plasma levels.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include nausea, vomiting, ataxia, and mild disorientation. Management is symptomatic and supportive. There is no specific antidote.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B (some sources classify as D for first trimester). Use with caution, especially in the first trimester, only if clearly needed and benefits outweigh risks. Metronidazole is excreted into breast milk; breastfeeding should be temporarily discontinued during treatment and for 12-24 hours after the last dose.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years from manufacturing date, check packaging for exact expiry.
Availability
Available in pharmacies and hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory bodies worldwide
Patent Status
Generic, Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesAlternative Medicines in Bangladesh
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine
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