Prioxon
Generic Name
Ceftriaxone
Manufacturer
Example Pharma Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| prioxon 2 gm injection | ৳ 500.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Prioxon 2 gm Injection contains Ceftriaxone, a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Typical adult dose is 1-2 gm once daily (every 24 hours) intravenously or intramuscularly, depending on the severity and type of infection. In severe cases, up to 4 gm once daily may be given.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustment is generally required for elderly patients, unless there is severe renal or hepatic impairment.
Renal_impairment
For severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance <10 mL/min), dosage should not exceed 2 gm daily. For combined hepatic and renal dysfunction, closer monitoring is recommended.
How to Take
For intravenous (IV) administration, reconstitute with appropriate diluent (e.g., Water for Injection) and infuse over 30-60 minutes. For intramuscular (IM) administration, reconstitute with lidocaine 1% solution and inject deeply into a large muscle.
Mechanism of Action
Ceftriaxone inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), leading to bacterial cell lysis and death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Rapid, within minutes for IV administration.
Excretion
Approximately 50-60% excreted unchanged in the urine, and 40-50% in the bile as active drug.
Half life
Approximately 5.8-8.7 hours (average 6-9 hours).
Absorption
Rapidly and completely absorbed after intramuscular (IM) administration, achieving peak plasma concentrations within 2-3 hours. Intravenous (IV) administration provides immediate systemic availability.
Metabolism
Not extensively metabolized; approximately two-thirds is excreted unchanged. Minor metabolic pathways exist.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ceftriaxone or any other cephalosporin
- Neonates (especially premature) with hyperbilirubinemia
- Concomitant use with calcium-containing solutions in neonates
- History of severe hypersensitivity to any beta-lactam antibiotic
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Does not significantly alter ceftriaxone pharmacokinetics, unlike some other cephalosporins.
Aminoglycosides
Synergistic effect against certain bacteria, but should not be mixed in the same syringe.
Loop diuretics (e.g., Furosemide)
May increase nephrotoxicity, especially with pre-existing renal impairment.
Oral anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
May increase the anticoagulant effect. Monitor INR/PT.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light. Do not freeze. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of overdose, symptomatic and supportive treatment should be given. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis is not effective for removing ceftriaxone from the body.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have shown no evidence of fetal harm. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Ceftriaxone is excreted in low concentrations in breast milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing woman.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ceftriaxone or any other cephalosporin
- Neonates (especially premature) with hyperbilirubinemia
- Concomitant use with calcium-containing solutions in neonates
- History of severe hypersensitivity to any beta-lactam antibiotic
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Does not significantly alter ceftriaxone pharmacokinetics, unlike some other cephalosporins.
Aminoglycosides
Synergistic effect against certain bacteria, but should not be mixed in the same syringe.
Loop diuretics (e.g., Furosemide)
May increase nephrotoxicity, especially with pre-existing renal impairment.
Oral anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
May increase the anticoagulant effect. Monitor INR/PT.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light. Do not freeze. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of overdose, symptomatic and supportive treatment should be given. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis is not effective for removing ceftriaxone from the body.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have shown no evidence of fetal harm. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Ceftriaxone is excreted in low concentrations in breast milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing woman.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years when stored as per manufacturer instructions. Reconstituted solution stability varies.
Availability
Hospitals, Clinics, Retail Pharmacies
Approval Status
Approved by major regulatory bodies (e.g., FDA, DGDA)
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensively studied in numerous clinical trials establishing its efficacy and safety for various bacterial infections.
Lab Monitoring
- Complete blood count (CBC) for prolonged therapy
- Renal and hepatic function tests (especially in patients with pre-existing impairment or prolonged use)
- Coagulation parameters (e.g., PT/INR) if concomitant anticoagulants are used.
Doctor Notes
- Ensure correct reconstitution and administration route (IV vs IM).
- Monitor for hypersensitivity reactions, especially in patients with penicillin allergy history.
- Be aware of the interaction with calcium-containing solutions in neonates.
- Consider empiric therapy given broad-spectrum coverage.
Patient Guidelines
- Inform your doctor about any allergies, especially to antibiotics.
- Complete the full course of treatment, even if symptoms improve.
- Report any severe or persistent diarrhea to your doctor.
- Do not stop the injection early without consulting your doctor.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, administer it as soon as possible. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume the regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose.
Driving Precautions
Ceftriaxone generally does not affect the ability to drive or operate machinery. However, if side effects like dizziness occur, patients should avoid such activities.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hygiene to prevent further infections.
- Stay hydrated during the course of treatment.
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