Progut
Generic Name
Omeprazole
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| progut 20 mg capsule | ৳ 8.00 | ৳ 80.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) used to treat conditions caused by excess stomach acid, such as heartburn, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and ulcers.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
GERD: 20-40 mg once daily for 4-8 weeks. Duodenal Ulcer: 20 mg once daily for 2-4 weeks. Gastric Ulcer: 20 mg once daily for 4-8 weeks. Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome: Initial 60 mg once daily, adjusted based on patient response.
Elderly
No specific dosage adjustment is typically required for the elderly, but caution is advised in patients with severe hepatic impairment.
Renal_impairment
No dosage adjustment is necessary for patients with impaired renal function.
How to Take
Take one capsule before food, preferably in the morning. Swallow the capsule whole with water; do not chew, crush, or open the capsule.
Mechanism of Action
Omeprazole irreversibly blocks the hydrogen-potassium ATPase enzyme system (proton pump) in the gastric parietal cells, thereby inhibiting the final step in gastric acid production.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Acid suppression begins within 1 hour; full effect achieved within 2-4 days of continuous use.
Excretion
Approximately 77% of the dose is excreted in the urine, and about 18% in the feces.
Half life
Plasma elimination half-life is approximately 0.5 to 1 hour, but the duration of acid suppression is much longer due to irreversible binding to the proton pump.
Absorption
Rapidly absorbed from the GI tract after oral administration; peak plasma concentrations reached within 0.5 to 3.5 hours.
Metabolism
Extensively metabolized in the liver by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, primarily CYP2C19 and CYP3A4.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to omeprazole, substituted benzimidazoles (e.g., esomeprazole, lansoprazole), or any component of the formulation.
- Concomitant use with nelfinavir.
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
Increased INR and prothrombin time, potentially leading to bleeding.
Clopidogrel
Reduced antiplatelet effect of clopidogrel due to inhibition of CYP2C19, its active metabolite.
Methotrexate
Increased plasma levels of methotrexate, especially with high-dose therapy.
Nelfinavir, Atazanavir
Reduced plasma levels of antivirals, leading to loss of virologic response.
Diazepam, Phenytoin, Citalopram
Increased levels of these drugs due to inhibition of their metabolism.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, protected from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, headache, and drowsiness. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. Omeprazole is extensively protein-bound, so hemodialysis is not effective for removal.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Omeprazole is excreted in breast milk; use with caution or consider an alternative.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to omeprazole, substituted benzimidazoles (e.g., esomeprazole, lansoprazole), or any component of the formulation.
- Concomitant use with nelfinavir.
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
Increased INR and prothrombin time, potentially leading to bleeding.
Clopidogrel
Reduced antiplatelet effect of clopidogrel due to inhibition of CYP2C19, its active metabolite.
Methotrexate
Increased plasma levels of methotrexate, especially with high-dose therapy.
Nelfinavir, Atazanavir
Reduced plasma levels of antivirals, leading to loss of virologic response.
Diazepam, Phenytoin, Citalopram
Increased levels of these drugs due to inhibition of their metabolism.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, protected from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, headache, and drowsiness. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. Omeprazole is extensively protein-bound, so hemodialysis is not effective for removal.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Omeprazole is excreted in breast milk; use with caution or consider an alternative.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years from the manufacturing date.
Availability
Pharmacies nationwide
Approval Status
Approved
Patent Status
Expired
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Omeprazole has been extensively studied in numerous clinical trials, demonstrating its efficacy and safety in the treatment of various acid-related disorders.
Lab Monitoring
- Regular monitoring of magnesium levels is recommended for patients on long-term PPI therapy (over 3 months).
- Consider monitoring bone mineral density for very long-term use due to potential increased fracture risk.
- INR monitoring should be done if co-administered with warfarin.
Doctor Notes
- Counsel patients on the importance of taking PPIs for the shortest effective duration.
- Monitor for potential drug interactions, particularly with clopidogrel, warfarin, and nelfinavir.
- Advise patients to report any symptoms of hypomagnesemia (e.g., muscle spasms, arrhythmia).
Patient Guidelines
- Take the medicine exactly as prescribed by your doctor.
- Do not stop taking omeprazole without consulting your doctor, even if symptoms improve.
- Report any new or worsening symptoms, especially concerning changes in bowel habits or unexplained weight loss, immediately.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Omeprazole may cause side effects like dizziness or visual disturbances. If you experience these effects, avoid driving or operating machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Avoid consuming large meals, especially close to bedtime.
- Limit or avoid foods that trigger your heartburn or reflux symptoms (e.g., spicy, fatty, acidic foods).
- Reduce alcohol and caffeine intake, and consider quitting smoking.
- Maintain a healthy weight.
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