Rocipro
Generic Name
Ciprofloxacin
Manufacturer
Incepta Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| rocipro 500 mg tablet | ৳ 15.00 | ৳ 150.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Ciprofloxacin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections, including those affecting the urinary tract, respiratory system, skin, bones, and gastrointestinal tract.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Typical dosage ranges from 250 mg to 750 mg orally twice daily, depending on the type and severity of infection. For uncomplicated UTIs, 250 mg twice daily for 3 days may be sufficient. For more severe infections, 500-750 mg twice daily.
Elderly
Dosage adjustment may be necessary based on renal function and overall health status. Generally, the lower end of the adult dosage range is considered.
Renal_impairment
Dosage should be adjusted based on creatinine clearance. For CrCl 30-60 mL/min, 250-500 mg every 12 hours; for CrCl <30 mL/min, 250-500 mg every 18-24 hours.
How to Take
Take Rocipro tablets orally, with or without food. Do not chew or crush the tablet. It should not be taken with dairy products (milk, yogurt) or calcium-fortified juices, and separate administration from antacids containing aluminum or magnesium by at least 2 hours before or 6 hours after.
Mechanism of Action
Ciprofloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, enzymes essential for bacterial DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination, leading to bacterial cell death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Within 0.5 to 2 hours
Excretion
Primarily renal excretion (40-50% as unchanged drug) and also through feces.
Half life
Approximately 3-5 hours
Absorption
Rapidly and well absorbed after oral administration, with bioavailability approximately 70-80%. Peak plasma concentrations are reached within 0.5-2 hours.
Metabolism
Hepatic metabolism to several less active metabolites, including desethyleneciprofloxacin, sulfociprofloxacin, and oxociprofloxacin.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin or any other fluoroquinolone.
- Concomitant administration with tizanidine.
- History of tendinitis or tendon rupture associated with quinolone use.
Drug Interactions
NSAIDs
Concurrent use with NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) may increase the risk of CNS stimulation and convulsive seizures.
Warfarin
May enhance the anticoagulant effect of warfarin, requiring INR monitoring.
Tizanidine
Concomitant use is contraindicated due to a significant increase in tizanidine plasma concentrations, leading to hypotension and somnolence.
Theophylline
Ciprofloxacin can increase plasma concentrations of theophylline, leading to increased risk of toxicity (e.g., seizures).
Antacids/Iron/Zinc
Products containing multivalent cations (e.g., aluminum/magnesium antacids, iron supplements, zinc) can significantly reduce ciprofloxacin absorption.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of an overdose, gastric lavage may be considered. Symptomatic treatment and supportive measures should be initiated. Adequate hydration is important to prevent crystalluria. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis may remove a small amount of ciprofloxacin.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Ciprofloxacin should generally be avoided during pregnancy due to potential risks to fetal cartilage development, although human data are limited. It is excreted into breast milk and therefore use during lactation is generally not recommended, or a decision to discontinue breastfeeding should be made, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin or any other fluoroquinolone.
- Concomitant administration with tizanidine.
- History of tendinitis or tendon rupture associated with quinolone use.
Drug Interactions
NSAIDs
Concurrent use with NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) may increase the risk of CNS stimulation and convulsive seizures.
Warfarin
May enhance the anticoagulant effect of warfarin, requiring INR monitoring.
Tizanidine
Concomitant use is contraindicated due to a significant increase in tizanidine plasma concentrations, leading to hypotension and somnolence.
Theophylline
Ciprofloxacin can increase plasma concentrations of theophylline, leading to increased risk of toxicity (e.g., seizures).
Antacids/Iron/Zinc
Products containing multivalent cations (e.g., aluminum/magnesium antacids, iron supplements, zinc) can significantly reduce ciprofloxacin absorption.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of an overdose, gastric lavage may be considered. Symptomatic treatment and supportive measures should be initiated. Adequate hydration is important to prevent crystalluria. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis may remove a small amount of ciprofloxacin.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Ciprofloxacin should generally be avoided during pregnancy due to potential risks to fetal cartilage development, although human data are limited. It is excreted into breast milk and therefore use during lactation is generally not recommended, or a decision to discontinue breastfeeding should be made, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
2 to 3 years from the date of manufacture
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
FDA Approved
Patent Status
Generic
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Ciprofloxacin has undergone extensive clinical trials demonstrating its efficacy and safety across various bacterial infections. Ongoing research continues to explore its applications and resistance patterns.
Lab Monitoring
- Renal function (creatinine clearance) in patients with kidney impairment or elderly.
- Liver enzymes (AST, ALT) if abnormalities are suspected or with prolonged use.
- Complete Blood Count (CBC) for prolonged therapy or if hematological adverse effects occur.
Doctor Notes
- Counsel patients thoroughly about the black box warnings associated with fluoroquinolones, particularly tendon rupture and peripheral neuropathy.
- Avoid concomitant administration with Tizanidine due to severe interaction.
- Monitor renal function in elderly and renally impaired patients and adjust dosage accordingly.
- Advise patients to report any unusual pain, tingling, numbness, or weakness immediately.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full prescribed course of medication, even if symptoms improve.
- Stay well hydrated to prevent crystalluria.
- Avoid excessive sun exposure and use protective clothing or sunscreen due to photosensitivity.
- Report any joint pain, swelling, or unusual sensations immediately.
- Do not take with dairy products or antacids.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Driving Precautions
Ciprofloxacin may cause dizziness, lightheadedness, or visual disturbances. Patients should be cautioned about operating machinery or driving until they know how the medication affects them.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good personal hygiene to prevent recurrence of infections.
- Limit caffeine intake as ciprofloxacin can increase caffeine levels in the body.
- Avoid alcohol while on antibiotics, as it can worsen side effects or reduce effectiveness.
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