Salbutal
Generic Name
Salbutamol
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| salbutal 2 mg syrup | ৳ 22.96 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Salbutamol is a short-acting beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonist used for the rapid relief of bronchospasm in conditions like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It helps to relax the muscles in the airways, making breathing easier.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
2-4 mg (1-2 teaspoonfuls) 3-4 times daily.
Elderly
Start with a lower dose of 2 mg (1 teaspoonful) 3-4 times daily, increasing if necessary.
Renal_impairment
No specific dose adjustment is usually required, but caution is advised in severe impairment.
How to Take
Administer orally, with or without food. Measure the dose accurately using the provided measuring spoon or cup.
Mechanism of Action
Salbutamol selectively stimulates beta-2 adrenergic receptors located primarily in the bronchial smooth muscle. This stimulation leads to an increase in intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP), which in turn causes relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle and bronchodilation.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Bronchodilation typically occurs within 5-15 minutes after oral administration.
Excretion
Mainly excreted in the urine as both unchanged drug and its metabolite.
Half life
Approximately 4-6 hours.
Absorption
Rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract following oral administration.
Metabolism
Primarily metabolized in the liver to an inactive sulfate conjugate.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to salbutamol or any component of the formulation.
- Patients with a history of paradoxical bronchospasm.
Drug Interactions
Digoxin
There have been reports of increased serum digoxin levels in patients taking salbutamol and digoxin concurrently. Monitor digoxin levels.
Diuretics
May worsen hypokalemia associated with high doses of beta-2 agonists.
MAOIs and TCAs
Concurrent use with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) or tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) may potentiate the cardiovascular effects of salbutamol. Use with caution.
Beta-blockers (e.g., Propranolol)
Can antagonize the bronchodilatory effects of salbutamol and may cause severe bronchospasm in asthmatic patients.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include tachycardia, palpitation, tremor, headache, and hyperactivity. In severe cases, hypokalemia, metabolic acidosis, and cardiac arrest may occur. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive, including monitoring of potassium levels.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Use during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Salbutamol is excreted into breast milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing mother.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to salbutamol or any component of the formulation.
- Patients with a history of paradoxical bronchospasm.
Drug Interactions
Digoxin
There have been reports of increased serum digoxin levels in patients taking salbutamol and digoxin concurrently. Monitor digoxin levels.
Diuretics
May worsen hypokalemia associated with high doses of beta-2 agonists.
MAOIs and TCAs
Concurrent use with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) or tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) may potentiate the cardiovascular effects of salbutamol. Use with caution.
Beta-blockers (e.g., Propranolol)
Can antagonize the bronchodilatory effects of salbutamol and may cause severe bronchospasm in asthmatic patients.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include tachycardia, palpitation, tremor, headache, and hyperactivity. In severe cases, hypokalemia, metabolic acidosis, and cardiac arrest may occur. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive, including monitoring of potassium levels.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Use during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Salbutamol is excreted into breast milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing mother.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
24-36 months when unopened, refer to package for exact expiry date.
Availability
Pharmacies and hospitals
Approval Status
Approved
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Salbutamol is a well-established drug with extensive clinical trial data demonstrating its efficacy and safety in various respiratory conditions over decades.
Lab Monitoring
- Serum potassium levels (especially in patients receiving diuretics, corticosteroids, or with severe asthma exacerbations).
- Pulmonary function tests (e.g., FEV1) to monitor the effectiveness of treatment and disease control.
Doctor Notes
- Educate patients on the difference between reliever and controller medications.
- Advise patients to seek medical evaluation if their need for salbutamol increases, as this may indicate worsening asthma control.
- Caution against exceeding maximum recommended doses due to potential cardiac side effects.
Patient Guidelines
- Do not exceed the prescribed dose or frequency.
- Shake the bottle well before each use.
- Seek immediate medical attention if breathing difficulties worsen or if the usual dose does not provide relief.
- Inform your doctor about all other medications you are taking.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Driving Precautions
Salbutamol usually does not affect the ability to drive or operate machinery. However, if you experience side effects like dizziness or tremor, avoid driving or operating heavy machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Identify and avoid triggers that worsen asthma or COPD symptoms (e.g., allergens, irritants, smoke).
- Maintain a healthy lifestyle, including regular exercise (as tolerated) and a balanced diet.
- Quit smoking if applicable, as it significantly worsens respiratory conditions.
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