Salbutal
Generic Name
Salbutamol
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| salbutal 4 mg tablet | ৳ 0.46 | ৳ 4.60 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Salbutamol is a short-acting beta-2 adrenoceptor agonist used for quick relief of bronchospasm in conditions like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It helps to open up the airways in the lungs.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Oral: 2-4 mg three to four times daily. Maximum single dose 8 mg, maximum daily dose 32 mg.
Elderly
A lower initial dose (e.g., 2 mg three to four times daily) may be considered, with careful titration based on response.
Renal_impairment
No specific dose adjustment is generally required, but caution is advised in patients with severe renal impairment. Monitor for adverse effects.
How to Take
Salbutamol tablets are taken orally, with or without food. Swallow the tablet whole with water.
Mechanism of Action
Salbutamol selectively stimulates beta-2 adrenergic receptors primarily found in the smooth muscle of the bronchi, leading to relaxation of the bronchial smooth muscle. This results in bronchodilation and increased airflow.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Within 30 minutes (oral tablet).
Excretion
Primarily excreted in the urine, with about 60-70% of a dose eliminated within 24 hours, both as unchanged drug and its metabolites.
Half life
Approximately 4-6 hours.
Absorption
Rapidly absorbed after oral administration. Peak plasma concentrations are usually reached within 2-3 hours.
Metabolism
Partially metabolized in the liver to an inactive sulfate conjugate.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to salbutamol or any excipient of the formulation.
Drug Interactions
Diuretics
Concomitant use with potassium-depleting diuretics (e.g., loop or thiazide diuretics) may exacerbate hypokalemia.
Beta-blockers
Non-selective beta-blockers (e.g., propranolol) can antagonize the effect of salbutamol and should generally be avoided.
MAOIs and TCAs
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) and tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) may enhance the cardiovascular effects of salbutamol and should be used with caution.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include tachycardia, tremors, headache, hyperglycemia, hypokalemia, and lactic acidosis. Management is supportive and symptomatic, with careful monitoring of potassium and glucose levels.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Salbutamol should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. It is excreted in breast milk; use with caution in lactating mothers and only if deemed essential by a physician.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to salbutamol or any excipient of the formulation.
Drug Interactions
Diuretics
Concomitant use with potassium-depleting diuretics (e.g., loop or thiazide diuretics) may exacerbate hypokalemia.
Beta-blockers
Non-selective beta-blockers (e.g., propranolol) can antagonize the effect of salbutamol and should generally be avoided.
MAOIs and TCAs
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) and tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) may enhance the cardiovascular effects of salbutamol and should be used with caution.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include tachycardia, tremors, headache, hyperglycemia, hypokalemia, and lactic acidosis. Management is supportive and symptomatic, with careful monitoring of potassium and glucose levels.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Salbutamol should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. It is excreted in breast milk; use with caution in lactating mothers and only if deemed essential by a physician.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Usually 2-3 years from the date of manufacture. Refer to the specific product packaging for exact date.
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
Approved
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Salbutamol has undergone extensive clinical trials demonstrating its efficacy and safety for the acute and chronic management of asthma and COPD.
Lab Monitoring
- Monitor blood potassium levels, especially in patients with severe asthma or those receiving concomitant diuretics, corticosteroids, or xanthines.
Doctor Notes
- Educate patients on the difference between 'reliever' and 'preventer' medications.
- Monitor patients for hypokalemia, especially those with severe asthma or on concomitant medications that can lower potassium.
- Advise patients not to increase dose or frequency without medical consultation.
Patient Guidelines
- Do not exceed the prescribed dose or frequency.
- If symptoms worsen or if the usual dose becomes less effective, seek medical advice immediately.
- Inform your doctor about all other medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs and herbal supplements.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take your next dose at the regular time. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Driving Precautions
Salbutamol may cause tremors or dizziness in some individuals. If you experience these side effects, avoid driving or operating machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Identify and avoid triggers that worsen your asthma or COPD (e.g., smoke, allergens, air pollution).
- Maintain a healthy lifestyle, including regular exercise (as tolerated) and a balanced diet.
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