Tazid
Generic Name
Ceftazidime
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| tazid 250 mg injection | ৳ 85.26 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Ceftazidime is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections, especially those caused by Gram-negative bacteria.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
For mild to moderate infections: 250 mg - 1 g every 8-12 hours. For severe infections: 2 g every 8 hours. Max 6 g/day.
Elderly
Dosage may need adjustment based on renal function, typically reduced doses are required.
Renal_impairment
Significant dose reduction required based on creatinine clearance; dosage intervals may also be extended.
How to Take
Administered via slow intravenous (IV) injection over 3-5 minutes, IV infusion over 20-30 minutes, or deep intramuscular (IM) injection into a large muscle mass.
Mechanism of Action
Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), leading to bacterial cell lysis and death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Rapid (within minutes after IV, 30 minutes after IM).
Excretion
Primarily excreted unchanged by the kidneys via glomerular filtration.
Half life
Approximately 1.8-2 hours.
Absorption
Rapid and complete after IM injection. IV administration provides immediate systemic availability.
Metabolism
Not significantly metabolized.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Ceftazidime or other cephalosporins
- History of severe hypersensitivity to any other beta-lactam antibiotic (e.g., penicillins)
Drug Interactions
Loop diuretics
Increased risk of nephrotoxicity with concomitant use of aminoglycosides.
Aminoglycosides
Increased risk of nephrotoxicity.
Chloramphenicol
Antagonistic effect observed in vitro.
Oral anticoagulants
May increase anticoagulant effect.
Storage
Store dry powder below 25°C. Protect from light. Reconstituted solution stability varies, refer to product leaflet, usually 18-24 hours at room temperature or up to 7 days refrigerated.
Overdose
Symptoms may include neurological disturbances (e.g., convulsions, encephalopathy, asterixis) in patients with renal impairment who receive excessively high doses. Management is symptomatic and supportive, hemodialysis may be considered to remove the drug.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Use with caution during pregnancy, only if clearly needed and potential benefits outweigh risks. Excreted in breast milk in small amounts; generally considered safe, but monitor infant for adverse effects like diarrhea or candidiasis.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Ceftazidime or other cephalosporins
- History of severe hypersensitivity to any other beta-lactam antibiotic (e.g., penicillins)
Drug Interactions
Loop diuretics
Increased risk of nephrotoxicity with concomitant use of aminoglycosides.
Aminoglycosides
Increased risk of nephrotoxicity.
Chloramphenicol
Antagonistic effect observed in vitro.
Oral anticoagulants
May increase anticoagulant effect.
Storage
Store dry powder below 25°C. Protect from light. Reconstituted solution stability varies, refer to product leaflet, usually 18-24 hours at room temperature or up to 7 days refrigerated.
Overdose
Symptoms may include neurological disturbances (e.g., convulsions, encephalopathy, asterixis) in patients with renal impairment who receive excessively high doses. Management is symptomatic and supportive, hemodialysis may be considered to remove the drug.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Use with caution during pregnancy, only if clearly needed and potential benefits outweigh risks. Excreted in breast milk in small amounts; generally considered safe, but monitor infant for adverse effects like diarrhea or candidiasis.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years for unopened vials, refer to the manufacturer's specific instructions on the product leaflet.
Availability
Hospitals, Clinics, Pharmacies
Approval Status
Approved by major regulatory bodies
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Ceftazidime has undergone extensive clinical trials demonstrating its efficacy and safety in treating a broad range of bacterial infections across various patient populations, including pediatric and adult patients.
Lab Monitoring
- Renal function (creatinine, BUN) in patients with impaired kidney function or those receiving high doses
- Liver function tests (LFTs) periodically
- Complete Blood Count (CBC) during prolonged therapy
Doctor Notes
- Monitor renal function, especially in elderly patients or those with pre-existing renal impairment, and adjust dosage accordingly.
- Be aware of potential for hypersensitivity reactions, including cross-reactivity with penicillins. Ensure a thorough allergy history is taken.
- Consider local resistance patterns and culture sensitivity results when initiating and adjusting therapy.
Patient Guidelines
- Report any signs of allergic reaction immediately.
- Complete the full course of antibiotic treatment, even if symptoms improve.
- Inform your doctor about all other medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs and herbal supplements.
Missed Dose Advice
Take the missed dose as soon as remembered. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Driving Precautions
May cause dizziness or other neurological disturbances; caution advised when driving or operating machinery until you know how the medicine affects you.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hydration by drinking plenty of fluids.
- Avoid alcohol during treatment, as it may exacerbate side effects.
- Practice good hygiene to prevent further infections.
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