Administer intramuscularly (IM) slowly and deeply into a large muscle, or intravenously (IV) over at least 15 seconds. Ensure proper dilution if required for IV infusion. Do not use for epidural or intrathecal administration.

Ketorolac works by inhibiting the activity of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, particularly COX-1 and COX-2. This inhibition leads to a reduction in the synthesis of prostaglandins, which are inflammatory mediators responsible for pain, inflammation, and fever. By blocking prostaglandin production, Ketorolac effectively reduces pain and inflammation.

• •Hypersensitivity to ketorolac, aspirin, or other NSAIDs
• •Active peptic ulcer, recent gastrointestinal bleeding or perforation
• •Advanced renal impairment or risk of renal failure
• •Confirmed or suspected cerebrovascular bleeding, hemorrhagic diathesis
• •Before major surgery with risk of hemorrhage
• •Concomitant use with other NSAIDs, aspirin, anticoagulants
• •Labour and delivery, breastfeeding

Store below 30°C. Protect from light. Do not freeze. Keep out of reach of children.

Symptoms may include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, lethargy, and drowsiness. Rare cases of severe GI bleeding, acute renal failure, hypertension, and respiratory depression. Management involves supportive care, gastric decontamination (if recent oral ingestion), and monitoring of vital signs and renal function.

Contraindicated during pregnancy (especially third trimester due to risk of premature closure of ductus arteriosus) and during labour/delivery. Not recommended during breastfeeding as ketorolac is excreted in breast milk.