Tymox
Generic Name
Amoxicillin
Manufacturer
General Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| tymox 125 mg pediatric drop | ৳ 30.20 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Tymox 125 mg Pediatric Drop is an antibiotic medicine containing Amoxicillin. It is used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections in children, including infections of the ear, nose, throat, chest, urinary tract, and skin.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
This formulation (pediatric drop) is not intended for adult use. Adult dosages for Amoxicillin typically range from 250 mg to 500 mg every 8 hours or 500 mg to 875 mg every 12 hours.
Elderly
This formulation is not intended for elderly use. Elderly dosages may require adjustment based on renal function, similar to adult guidelines.
Renal_impairment
For children with renal impairment, dose adjustment is necessary. Consult a physician for specific dosing recommendations based on creatinine clearance. For adults/elderly, dose reduction is required.
How to Take
Administer orally. Shake the bottle well before each use. Measure the prescribed dose carefully using the provided dropper. It can be taken with or without food. It may be mixed with a small amount of milk, formula, fruit juice, water, or ginger ale, and consumed immediately.
Mechanism of Action
Amoxicillin works by inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial cell walls, leading to cell lysis and bacterial death. It is bactericidal against susceptible organisms.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Within 30-60 minutes.
Excretion
Primarily excreted by the kidneys, mainly as unchanged drug via glomerular filtration and tubular secretion. Approximately 60-70% of the dose is excreted unchanged in urine within 6-8 hours.
Half life
Approximately 1 to 1.5 hours in individuals with normal renal function; longer in neonates and those with impaired renal function.
Absorption
Rapidly and well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, with approximately 70-90% oral bioavailability. Peak plasma concentrations are reached within 1-2 hours.
Metabolism
Partially metabolized in the liver; about 10-25% converted to inactive penicilloic acid.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Amoxicillin, any other penicillin, or any component of the formulation.
- History of severe hypersensitivity reaction to any other beta-lactam antibacterial agent (e.g., cephalosporins, carbapenems, monobactams).
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Increases and prolongs Amoxicillin blood levels.
Allopurinol
Increased incidence of rash, particularly in hyperuricemic patients.
Methotrexate
Reduced renal clearance of methotrexate, potentially increasing toxicity.
Oral contraceptives
May reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives; advise additional contraceptive methods.
Warfarin and other oral anticoagulants
May prolong prothrombin time; monitor INR closely.
Storage
Store the dry powder below 30°C, protected from light and moisture. After reconstitution, store the suspension in a refrigerator (2-8°C) and do not freeze. Discard any unused portion after the specified shelf life of the reconstituted suspension.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include gastrointestinal upset (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) and fluid-electrolyte imbalance. In severe cases, crystalluria leading to renal failure has been reported. Management involves gastric lavage, supportive therapy, and maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance. Hemodialysis may be effective in removing Amoxicillin from circulation.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Amoxicillin crosses the placenta. Human data suggests no increased risk of major birth defects. Use in pregnancy only if clearly needed. Amoxicillin is excreted into breast milk in small amounts; use with caution in nursing mothers, as it may cause sensitization or diarrhea in the infant.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to Amoxicillin, any other penicillin, or any component of the formulation.
- History of severe hypersensitivity reaction to any other beta-lactam antibacterial agent (e.g., cephalosporins, carbapenems, monobactams).
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Increases and prolongs Amoxicillin blood levels.
Allopurinol
Increased incidence of rash, particularly in hyperuricemic patients.
Methotrexate
Reduced renal clearance of methotrexate, potentially increasing toxicity.
Oral contraceptives
May reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives; advise additional contraceptive methods.
Warfarin and other oral anticoagulants
May prolong prothrombin time; monitor INR closely.
Storage
Store the dry powder below 30°C, protected from light and moisture. After reconstitution, store the suspension in a refrigerator (2-8°C) and do not freeze. Discard any unused portion after the specified shelf life of the reconstituted suspension.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include gastrointestinal upset (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) and fluid-electrolyte imbalance. In severe cases, crystalluria leading to renal failure has been reported. Management involves gastric lavage, supportive therapy, and maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance. Hemodialysis may be effective in removing Amoxicillin from circulation.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Amoxicillin crosses the placenta. Human data suggests no increased risk of major birth defects. Use in pregnancy only if clearly needed. Amoxicillin is excreted into breast milk in small amounts; use with caution in nursing mothers, as it may cause sensitization or diarrhea in the infant.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Unreconstituted powder: 24 months. Reconstituted suspension: 7 days when stored at room temperature (below 30°C) or 14 days when refrigerated (2-8°C).
Availability
Available in pharmacies and hospitals
Approval Status
Approved (for Amoxicillin)
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Amoxicillin has undergone extensive clinical trials demonstrating its efficacy and safety across various bacterial infections in both pediatric and adult populations. Ongoing research continues to evaluate its role in emerging antimicrobial resistance patterns and new therapeutic combinations.
Lab Monitoring
- For prolonged therapy, periodic assessment of renal, hepatic, and hematopoietic function is advisable.
- Monitor for signs of superinfection with non-susceptible organisms.
Doctor Notes
- Emphasize to parents/caregivers the importance of completing the entire course of therapy, even if symptoms improve.
- Educate about proper reconstitution, measurement, and storage of the pediatric drop.
- Advise parents to monitor for signs of allergic reactions (rash, difficulty breathing) and seek immediate medical attention if they occur.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of treatment as prescribed, even if symptoms improve.
- Shake the bottle well before each use and use the provided dropper for accurate dosing.
- Report any unusual side effects or allergic reactions to your doctor immediately.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Driving Precautions
Amoxicillin is generally not expected to affect the ability to drive or operate machinery. However, if dizziness occurs, patients should avoid such activities.
Lifestyle Advice
- Ensure adequate fluid intake to prevent dehydration, especially if diarrhea occurs.
- Encourage rest to aid recovery from infection.
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