Adults

For most infections, 250 mg to 500 mg twice daily. Duration of treatment varies depending on the infection severity and type.

Elderly

Similar to adult dosage, but caution and dosage adjustment may be necessary in elderly patients with impaired renal function.

Renal_impairment

Dosage should be adjusted based on creatinine clearance (CrCl). For CrCl 10-29 mL/min, 250 mg once daily. For CrCl <10 mL/min, 250 mg every 48 hours.

Onset

Typically, therapeutic concentrations are reached within 1-2 hours after oral dosing.

Excretion

Primarily excreted unchanged by the kidneys, via glomerular filtration and tubular secretion.

Half life

Plasma half-life is approximately 1.2 to 1.5 hours.

Absorption

Rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration and rapidly hydrolyzed by esterase enzymes in the intestinal mucosa and blood to cefuroxime. Absorption is enhanced when taken with food.

Metabolism

Cefuroxime is not significantly metabolized in the liver.

Probenecid

Concomitant use with probenecid increases the area under the serum concentration versus time curve (AUC) of cefuroxime and prolongs its half-life.

Antacids and H2-receptor antagonists

May decrease the bioavailability of cefuroxime. It is recommended to administer Xbac at least one hour before or two hours after antacids.

Oral anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)

May cause an increase in INR (International Normalized Ratio). Close monitoring of INR is advised when Xbac is co-administered with oral anticoagulants.