Arixon
Generic Name
Ceftriaxone
Manufacturer
Incepta Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| arixon 2 gm injection | ৳ 300.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Ceftriaxone is a broad-spectrum third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections including severe infections of the respiratory tract, urinary tract, skin and soft tissue, bone and joint, and meningitis.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Usual adult dose is 1-2 gm once daily (every 24 hours) or in equally divided doses twice daily (every 12 hours) depending on the type and severity of infection, up to a maximum of 4 gm/day.
Elderly
No specific dosage adjustment is required for elderly patients with normal renal and hepatic function.
Renal_impairment
No dosage adjustment required for mild to moderate renal impairment. For severe impairment (creatinine clearance <10 mL/min), dosage should not exceed 2 gm/day without careful monitoring.
How to Take
For IV administration, reconstitute with sterile water for injection, then dilute further and infuse over 30 minutes. For IM administration, reconstitute with sterile water or lidocaine solution and inject deep into a large muscle mass.
Mechanism of Action
Ceftriaxone inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), leading to bacterial cell lysis and death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Rapid, within 30 minutes for IV.
Excretion
About 50-60% excreted unchanged in urine, remaining primarily in bile and feces.
Half life
Approximately 5.8 to 8.7 hours.
Absorption
Rapid and complete absorption after intramuscular administration; IV administration provides immediate 100% bioavailability.
Metabolism
Partially metabolized in the liver to inactive metabolites.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ceftriaxone or other cephalosporins.
- Neonates with hyperbilirubinemia, especially premature infants.
- Concurrent use with calcium-containing IV solutions in neonates.
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
May increase ceftriaxone levels.
Aminoglycosides
Increased nephrotoxicity (rare).
Calcium-containing solutions
Risk of precipitation, especially in neonates. Do not administer simultaneously.
Anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
Increased risk of bleeding.
Storage
Store below 30°C, protected from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and convulsions. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. Hemodialysis is not effective.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Use only if clearly needed. Excreted in breast milk in low concentrations; caution advised for nursing mothers.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ceftriaxone or other cephalosporins.
- Neonates with hyperbilirubinemia, especially premature infants.
- Concurrent use with calcium-containing IV solutions in neonates.
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
May increase ceftriaxone levels.
Aminoglycosides
Increased nephrotoxicity (rare).
Calcium-containing solutions
Risk of precipitation, especially in neonates. Do not administer simultaneously.
Anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
Increased risk of bleeding.
Storage
Store below 30°C, protected from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and convulsions. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. Hemodialysis is not effective.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Use only if clearly needed. Excreted in breast milk in low concentrations; caution advised for nursing mothers.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years when stored as recommended.
Availability
Hospitals, Pharmacies
Approval Status
Approved
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Numerous clinical trials have established the efficacy and safety of ceftriaxone in a wide range of bacterial infections.
Lab Monitoring
- Renal and hepatic function tests periodically during prolonged therapy.
- Complete blood count (CBC) to monitor for hematological abnormalities.
- Coagulation parameters if used with anticoagulants or in patients with bleeding risk.
Doctor Notes
- Ceftriaxone is a highly effective broad-spectrum antibiotic. Always verify patient's allergy history to cephalosporins and penicillins before administration.
- Monitor for signs of superinfection and C. difficile-associated diarrhea, especially with prolonged use.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of treatment as prescribed, even if symptoms improve.
- Report any severe or persistent side effects to your doctor.
- Inform your doctor if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, administer it as soon as possible. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume the regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose.
Driving Precautions
May cause dizziness in some patients; use caution when driving or operating machinery until you know how it affects you.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hydration.
- Avoid alcohol during treatment as it may exacerbate side effects like nausea.
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