Azmasol
Generic Name
Salbutamol Sulphate
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| azmasol 200 mcg inhalation capsule | ৳ 2.50 | ৳ 25.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Azmasol 200 mcg Inhalation Capsule contains salbutamol, a fast-acting bronchodilator used to relieve symptoms of asthma and COPD, such as wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness. It works by relaxing the muscles in the airways, making it easier to breathe.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
For symptom relief: 200-400 mcg (1-2 capsules) inhaled as needed, up to 4 times daily. For exercise-induced bronchospasm: 200 mcg 15-30 minutes before exercise.
Elderly
No specific dosage adjustment usually required, but use with caution due to potential increased sensitivity to beta-adrenergic stimulation.
Renal_impairment
No specific dosage adjustment required, as systemic clearance is primarily hepatic.
How to Take
For oral inhalation only, using a suitable inhaler device (e.g., Rotahaler, Revolizer). The capsule should not be swallowed. Follow the instructions provided with your inhaler device and by your doctor.
Mechanism of Action
Salbutamol is a selective beta-2 adrenoceptor agonist. It binds to beta-2 receptors on the smooth muscle cells of the bronchial tree, leading to activation of adenyl cyclase, increased intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels, and subsequent relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle. This causes bronchodilation, opening up the airways.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
5-15 minutes
Excretion
Primarily excreted in urine as unchanged drug and its metabolites. A smaller amount is excreted in feces.
Half life
4-6 hours
Absorption
Rapidly absorbed after oral inhalation. Systemic absorption is variable, with a significant portion being swallowed and then absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
Metabolism
Primarily metabolized in the liver to an inactive sulfate conjugate. Pre-systemic metabolism also occurs.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to salbutamol or any other component of the formulation.
- Should not be used for managing threatened abortion.
Drug Interactions
Digoxin
Increased risk of hypokalemia, which can lead to increased digitalis toxicity.
Diuretics (e.g., Furosemide)
May exacerbate hypokalemia when used with high doses of beta-2 agonists.
MAOIs/TCAs (e.g., Amitriptyline)
Potentiate the cardiovascular effects of beta-2 agonists, increasing the risk of adverse cardiovascular events.
Beta-blockers (e.g., Propranolol)
May reduce the bronchodilatory effect of salbutamol and can precipitate severe bronchospasm in asthmatic patients. Concomitant use is generally contraindicated.
Storage
Store below 30°C, in a dry place, away from direct sunlight and moisture. Keep out of reach of children. Do not remove the capsule from the blister pack until immediately before use.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include tachycardia, tremor, headache, palpitation, and hypokalemia. Management involves symptomatic and supportive care. In severe cases, a cardioselective beta-blocker may be considered, but with extreme caution due to the risk of bronchospasm.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy category C. Use only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Salbutamol may inhibit uterine contractions. Small amounts may be excreted in breast milk; caution is advised when administering to a nursing mother. Consult a doctor.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to salbutamol or any other component of the formulation.
- Should not be used for managing threatened abortion.
Drug Interactions
Digoxin
Increased risk of hypokalemia, which can lead to increased digitalis toxicity.
Diuretics (e.g., Furosemide)
May exacerbate hypokalemia when used with high doses of beta-2 agonists.
MAOIs/TCAs (e.g., Amitriptyline)
Potentiate the cardiovascular effects of beta-2 agonists, increasing the risk of adverse cardiovascular events.
Beta-blockers (e.g., Propranolol)
May reduce the bronchodilatory effect of salbutamol and can precipitate severe bronchospasm in asthmatic patients. Concomitant use is generally contraindicated.
Storage
Store below 30°C, in a dry place, away from direct sunlight and moisture. Keep out of reach of children. Do not remove the capsule from the blister pack until immediately before use.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include tachycardia, tremor, headache, palpitation, and hypokalemia. Management involves symptomatic and supportive care. In severe cases, a cardioselective beta-blocker may be considered, but with extreme caution due to the risk of bronchospasm.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy category C. Use only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Salbutamol may inhibit uterine contractions. Small amounts may be excreted in breast milk; caution is advised when administering to a nursing mother. Consult a doctor.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2 to 3 years from the date of manufacture when stored under recommended conditions.
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
Approved
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Salbutamol has been extensively studied in numerous clinical trials establishing its efficacy and safety for the acute and long-term management of asthma and COPD symptoms across various patient populations.
Lab Monitoring
- Serum potassium levels should be monitored, especially in severe asthma or with concomitant use of diuretics, corticosteroids, or xanthine derivatives.
Doctor Notes
- Emphasize the importance of proper inhaler technique to ensure optimal drug delivery.
- Educate patients on the difference between 'reliever' (salbutamol) and 'controller' medications to prevent overuse of relievers.
- Advise patients to report any increase in reliever use, as this may indicate worsening asthma control requiring a re-evaluation of their treatment plan.
Patient Guidelines
- Always read the patient information leaflet carefully before use.
- Use the inhaler device correctly as demonstrated by your doctor or pharmacist.
- Do not exceed the recommended dose; overuse can lead to serious side effects.
- Seek medical attention immediately if your symptoms worsen or if the usual dose becomes less effective.
- Keep the capsules dry and protected from heat.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as you remember. If it's near the time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Driving Precautions
Salbutamol generally does not affect the ability to drive or operate machinery. However, if side effects such as tremor, dizziness, or muscle cramps occur, avoid driving or operating machinery until these effects subside.
Lifestyle Advice
- Avoid smoking and exposure to smoke. Identify and avoid environmental triggers for your asthma or COPD. Maintain good hydration and follow a healthy lifestyle.
- Attend regular check-ups with your doctor.
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