Cephoral
Generic Name
Cefixime 100 mg suspension
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| cephoral 100 mg suspension | ৳ 145.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Cefixime is a broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections, including those of the respiratory tract, urinary tract, and otitis media.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Adults and children over 10 years: 200 mg once daily or 100 mg twice daily. For severe infections, the dose may be increased to 400 mg once daily.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustment is needed for elderly patients unless there is severe renal impairment.
Children
Children (6 months to 10 years): 8 mg/kg/day administered as a single dose or in two divided doses for 7-14 days. Max 400 mg/day.
Renal_impairment
For creatinine clearance 21-60 mL/min, the dose should be reduced by approximately 25%. For creatinine clearance < 20 mL/min, the dose should be reduced by approximately 50%.
How to Take
Cephoral 100 mg Suspension is for oral administration. Shake the bottle well before each use. It can be taken with or without food.
Mechanism of Action
Cefixime acts by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. It binds to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, thereby inhibiting the third and final stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Cell lysis is then mediated by bacterial cell wall autolytic enzymes such as autolysins.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Rapid onset of action, typically within 1-2 hours.
Excretion
Primarily excreted unchanged in the urine (about 50%) and bile (about 10%) within 24 hours.
Half life
Plasma elimination half-life is typically 3 to 4 hours, which can be prolonged in renal impairment.
Absorption
Approximately 40-50% absorbed orally. Food may delay the rate of absorption but does not significantly affect the extent of absorption.
Metabolism
Cefixime is not extensively metabolized in the body; about 10% undergoes limited hepatic metabolism.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to cefixime or any other ingredient of the formulation
- Hypersensitivity to any other cephalosporin antibiotics
- History of severe penicillin allergy
Drug Interactions
Nifedipine
May increase cefixime absorption.
Carbamazepine
May increase plasma carbamazepine levels, requiring monitoring.
Warfarin and Anticoagulants
May increase prothrombin time (INR) and the risk of bleeding. Close monitoring is advised.
Storage
Store the dry powder below 30°C, protected from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children. Do not freeze the reconstituted suspension.
Overdose
In case of overdose, gastric lavage may be indicated. There is no specific antidote. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis is not effective in removing cefixime from the body. Treatment should be supportive and symptomatic.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy category B. Use in pregnancy only if clearly needed. Cefixime is excreted in small amounts in breast milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing mother. Consult a doctor.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to cefixime or any other ingredient of the formulation
- Hypersensitivity to any other cephalosporin antibiotics
- History of severe penicillin allergy
Drug Interactions
Nifedipine
May increase cefixime absorption.
Carbamazepine
May increase plasma carbamazepine levels, requiring monitoring.
Warfarin and Anticoagulants
May increase prothrombin time (INR) and the risk of bleeding. Close monitoring is advised.
Storage
Store the dry powder below 30°C, protected from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children. Do not freeze the reconstituted suspension.
Overdose
In case of overdose, gastric lavage may be indicated. There is no specific antidote. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis is not effective in removing cefixime from the body. Treatment should be supportive and symptomatic.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy category B. Use in pregnancy only if clearly needed. Cefixime is excreted in small amounts in breast milk; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing mother. Consult a doctor.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2 years for the dry powder (unopened). Once reconstituted, the suspension is stable for 7 days at room temperature (25°C) or 14 days under refrigeration (2-8°C).
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
Approved
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Cefixime has undergone extensive clinical trials demonstrating its efficacy and safety in treating a wide range of bacterial infections across various patient populations, including pediatric and adult patients.
Lab Monitoring
- Monitor renal function (creatinine clearance) in patients with pre-existing renal impairment.
- For prolonged therapy, periodic monitoring of complete blood count (CBC) and liver function tests may be considered.
Doctor Notes
- Emphasize the importance of completing the full course of treatment to prevent resistance.
- Instruct parents/caregivers on proper technique for reconstituting and administering the suspension using the provided measuring device.
- Advise patients to report any signs of severe diarrhea (especially with blood or mucus) or allergic reactions immediately.
- Caution against self-medication and inappropriate use of antibiotics.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of medication as prescribed by your doctor, even if symptoms improve, to prevent recurrence and development of antibiotic resistance.
- Shake the bottle well before each use to ensure even distribution of the medicine.
- Use the provided measuring device (spoon or cup) for accurate dosing.
- Do not share this medicine with others.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Cefixime may cause dizziness in some patients. Patients should be cautioned about driving or operating machinery until they know how Cephoral affects them.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good personal hygiene to help prevent infections. Drink plenty of fluids to stay hydrated, especially if experiencing diarrhea.
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