Cipcin
Generic Name
Ciprofloxacin
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| cipcin 250 mg tablet | ৳ 8.52 | ৳ 85.24 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Cipcin 250 mg Tablet contains Ciprofloxacin, a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections including urinary tract infections, respiratory tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections, and gastrointestinal infections.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Typically 250-750 mg orally twice daily, depending on the type and severity of infection.
Elderly
Dosage adjustment may be required based on renal function.
Renal_impairment
Dosage adjustment is necessary; e.g., for CrCl 30-60 mL/min, reduce dose by 50% or extend dosing interval; for CrCl <30 mL/min, further reduction.
How to Take
Take the tablet whole with a glass of water, with or without food. Do not chew or crush. Avoid taking with dairy products or calcium-fortified juices. Separate from antacids/mineral supplements by several hours.
Mechanism of Action
Ciprofloxacin acts by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, enzymes essential for bacterial DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination. This leads to disruption of bacterial DNA and ultimately bacterial cell death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Onset of antibacterial action typically within 1-2 hours.
Excretion
Primarily excreted unchanged in the urine (50-70%) and to a lesser extent in feces (15-30%).
Half life
Approximately 3-5 hours in adults with normal renal function.
Absorption
Rapidly and well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, reaching peak plasma concentrations within 1-2 hours after oral administration. Bioavailability is approximately 70-80%.
Metabolism
Partially metabolized in the liver (10-20%) to several less active metabolites.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin or other fluoroquinolones.
- Concomitant administration with tizanidine.
- History of tendinopathy associated with fluoroquinolone use.
Drug Interactions
NSAIDs
Concomitant use with fluoroquinolones may increase the risk of CNS stimulation and convulsive seizures.
Warfarin
Ciprofloxacin may enhance the anticoagulant effect of warfarin. Monitor INR closely.
Tizanidine
Concomitant use is contraindicated due to increased tizanidine plasma concentrations, leading to hypotension and sedation.
Theophylline
Ciprofloxacin may increase plasma levels of theophylline, leading to toxicity. Monitor theophylline levels.
Corticosteroids
Increased risk of tendon rupture.
Antacids, Sucralfate, Mineral Supplements (containing Mg, Al, Ca, Fe, Zn)
Reduce oral absorption of ciprofloxacin. Administer ciprofloxacin 2 hours before or 6 hours after these agents.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of acute overdose, gastric emptying (e.g., by vomiting or gastric lavage) is recommended. Provide supportive care and maintain adequate hydration. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis remove only a small amount of ciprofloxacin.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Ciprofloxacin is excreted into breast milk; therefore, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin or other fluoroquinolones.
- Concomitant administration with tizanidine.
- History of tendinopathy associated with fluoroquinolone use.
Drug Interactions
NSAIDs
Concomitant use with fluoroquinolones may increase the risk of CNS stimulation and convulsive seizures.
Warfarin
Ciprofloxacin may enhance the anticoagulant effect of warfarin. Monitor INR closely.
Tizanidine
Concomitant use is contraindicated due to increased tizanidine plasma concentrations, leading to hypotension and sedation.
Theophylline
Ciprofloxacin may increase plasma levels of theophylline, leading to toxicity. Monitor theophylline levels.
Corticosteroids
Increased risk of tendon rupture.
Antacids, Sucralfate, Mineral Supplements (containing Mg, Al, Ca, Fe, Zn)
Reduce oral absorption of ciprofloxacin. Administer ciprofloxacin 2 hours before or 6 hours after these agents.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of acute overdose, gastric emptying (e.g., by vomiting or gastric lavage) is recommended. Provide supportive care and maintain adequate hydration. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis remove only a small amount of ciprofloxacin.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Ciprofloxacin is excreted into breast milk; therefore, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years from the date of manufacture.
Availability
Pharmacies, hospitals
Approval Status
Approved worldwide by regulatory bodies (e.g., FDA, EMA, DGDA)
Patent Status
Off-patent (generics widely available)
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensive clinical trials have demonstrated ciprofloxacin's efficacy and safety in treating various bacterial infections. Ongoing research continues to explore its use and resistance patterns.
Lab Monitoring
- Renal function (creatinine clearance) in patients with impaired renal function.
- Liver function tests if there are signs of hepatic dysfunction.
- Complete Blood Count (CBC) during prolonged therapy.
- INR if co-administered with warfarin.
Doctor Notes
- Emphasize the black box warnings, particularly for tendinitis/tendon rupture and peripheral neuropathy.
- Counsel patients on proper administration, avoiding interactions with dairy/cations.
- Ensure completion of the full course for optimal outcome and to minimize resistance.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of antibiotic, even if symptoms improve, to prevent recurrence and resistance.
- Stay well-hydrated throughout the treatment period.
- Avoid excessive exposure to direct sunlight and artificial UV light; use sunscreen.
- Report any tendon pain, swelling, numbness, tingling, or unusual muscle weakness immediately to your doctor.
- Do not share this medicine with others.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose.
Driving Precautions
Ciprofloxacin may cause dizziness, lightheadedness, or visual disturbances. Do not drive or operate machinery if you experience these effects.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hygiene to prevent infections.
- Drink plenty of fluids unless advised otherwise by your doctor.
- Avoid alcohol during treatment as it may exacerbate some side effects.
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