Duracef
Generic Name
Cefadroxil 100 mg Suspension
Manufacturer
Bristol-Myers Squibb
Country
USA
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| duracef 100 mg suspension | ৳ 145.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Duracef 100 mg Suspension is a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections, including urinary tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections, and pharyngitis/tonsillitis caused by susceptible organisms.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
The usual adult dose for most infections is 1 to 2 grams daily, given as a single dose or in two divided doses. For Strep throat, 1 g daily as a single dose or 500 mg twice daily for 10 days.
Elderly
Dosage should be adjusted based on renal function due to potential age-related decline in kidney function. Monitor creatinine clearance.
Renal_impairment
Initial dose is 1 gram, then maintenance doses should be adjusted based on creatinine clearance: CrCl 25-50 ml/min: 500 mg every 12 hours; CrCl 10-24 ml/min: 500 mg every 24 hours; CrCl <10 ml/min: 500 mg every 36 hours. Patients on hemodialysis should receive an additional dose after dialysis.
How to Take
Duracef 100 mg Suspension is for oral administration only. Shake the bottle well before each use. It can be taken with or without food. Taking it with food may help reduce gastrointestinal upset. Use the provided measuring device for accurate dosing. Complete the full course of medication as prescribed by your doctor, even if symptoms improve.
Mechanism of Action
Cefadroxil, a cephalosporin antibiotic, inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to one or more of the penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) which in turn inhibits the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis in the bacterial cell wall, thereby arresting cell wall assembly and leading to bacterial cell lysis.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Rapid onset of action, typically within 1-2 hours following oral administration.
Excretion
Primarily excreted unchanged in the urine by glomerular filtration and tubular secretion. Approximately 90% of the dose is excreted within 24 hours.
Half life
Approximately 1.5 to 2 hours in individuals with normal renal function. It is significantly prolonged in patients with impaired renal function.
Absorption
Well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract (approximately 90%) after oral administration. Peak plasma concentrations are reached within 1-2 hours.
Metabolism
Cefadroxil is not extensively metabolized in the body. Approximately 20% is protein bound.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to cefadroxil, other cephalosporin antibiotics, or any component of the formulation.
- History of serious hypersensitivity reactions to penicillin (e.g., anaphylaxis).
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Concurrent administration of probenecid decreases the renal tubular secretion of cefadroxil, resulting in increased and prolonged plasma concentrations of cefadroxil.
Aminoglycosides
Although uncommon, concurrent use with aminoglycosides may potentially increase the risk of nephrotoxicity.
Oral Contraceptives
Antibiotics may decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives. Advise patients to use an alternative or additional method of contraception while on antibiotics.
Anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
Cephalosporins, including cefadroxil, may infrequently alter vitamin K metabolism, potentially increasing the anticoagulant effect of warfarin. Monitor INR/PT.
Storage
Store the dry powder at room temperature (below 30°C), protected from light and moisture. After reconstitution, store the suspension in the refrigerator (2-8°C) and discard any unused portion after the specified shelf life.
Overdose
In case of an overdose, symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and epigastric distress. In severe cases, neuromuscular hypersensitivity, seizures, or renal impairment may occur. Treatment is primarily supportive. Gastric lavage or activated charcoal may be considered soon after ingestion. Hemodialysis may be useful in the event of renal impairment and severe overdose.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Animal reproduction studies have not demonstrated a fetal risk. Human data are limited but suggest no increased risk of major birth defects. Cefadroxil is excreted in small amounts in breast milk; however, adverse effects on breastfed infants are generally not expected. Use with caution during breastfeeding, monitoring the infant for diarrhea, candidiasis, or rash.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to cefadroxil, other cephalosporin antibiotics, or any component of the formulation.
- History of serious hypersensitivity reactions to penicillin (e.g., anaphylaxis).
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Concurrent administration of probenecid decreases the renal tubular secretion of cefadroxil, resulting in increased and prolonged plasma concentrations of cefadroxil.
Aminoglycosides
Although uncommon, concurrent use with aminoglycosides may potentially increase the risk of nephrotoxicity.
Oral Contraceptives
Antibiotics may decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives. Advise patients to use an alternative or additional method of contraception while on antibiotics.
Anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
Cephalosporins, including cefadroxil, may infrequently alter vitamin K metabolism, potentially increasing the anticoagulant effect of warfarin. Monitor INR/PT.
Storage
Store the dry powder at room temperature (below 30°C), protected from light and moisture. After reconstitution, store the suspension in the refrigerator (2-8°C) and discard any unused portion after the specified shelf life.
Overdose
In case of an overdose, symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and epigastric distress. In severe cases, neuromuscular hypersensitivity, seizures, or renal impairment may occur. Treatment is primarily supportive. Gastric lavage or activated charcoal may be considered soon after ingestion. Hemodialysis may be useful in the event of renal impairment and severe overdose.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Animal reproduction studies have not demonstrated a fetal risk. Human data are limited but suggest no increased risk of major birth defects. Cefadroxil is excreted in small amounts in breast milk; however, adverse effects on breastfed infants are generally not expected. Use with caution during breastfeeding, monitoring the infant for diarrhea, candidiasis, or rash.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Unreconstituted powder: 2 to 3 years. Reconstituted suspension: Stable for 7 to 14 days when stored in the refrigerator (2-8°C).
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
DGDA approved
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Cefadroxil is a well-established antibiotic. Most clinical trials focus on its efficacy and safety in various bacterial infections, often comparing it to other antibiotics or assessing new formulations/dosages. It has been extensively studied for its use in urinary tract, skin/soft tissue, and respiratory tract infections.
Lab Monitoring
- Renal function tests (e.g., serum creatinine, BUN, creatinine clearance) especially in patients with pre-existing renal impairment or during prolonged therapy.
- Complete Blood Count (CBC) for prolonged therapy to monitor for hematologic abnormalities.
- Liver function tests (LFTs) if liver dysfunction is suspected.
Doctor Notes
- Assess renal function before initiating therapy, especially in elderly patients or those with known renal impairment, and adjust dosage accordingly.
- Be vigilant for signs of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea, which can occur during or after antibiotic therapy.
- Counsel patients on the importance of completing the full course of antibiotics to prevent resistance.
- Consider potential cross-reactivity with penicillins in patients with a history of penicillin allergy.
Patient Guidelines
- Take the full course of medication as prescribed, even if you feel better, to prevent recurrence and antibiotic resistance.
- Shake the suspension well before each use.
- Use the provided measuring device to ensure accurate dosing.
- Do not share this medication with others.
- Store reconstituted suspension in the refrigerator.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Driving Precautions
Cefadroxil generally does not impair the ability to drive or operate machinery. However, rare side effects such as dizziness or drowsiness could occur. If you experience such effects, avoid driving or operating heavy machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hygiene practices to prevent infections.
- Ensure adequate fluid intake unless otherwise advised by your doctor.
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