Duracef
Generic Name
Cefadroxil
Manufacturer
Bristol-Myers Squibb (original innovator), various generics
Country
Multiple countries
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| duracef 200 mg capsule | ৳ 35.00 | ৳ 210.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Duracef 200 mg capsule contains Cefadroxil, a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections of the skin, urinary tract, and respiratory tract. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
The usual adult dose for most infections is 500 mg every 12 hours or 1000 mg once daily, or 1000 mg every 12 hours depending on severity. For 200 mg capsules, this would translate to multiple capsules (e.g., 2-5 capsules per day in divided doses) as directed by a physician.
Elderly
No specific dosage adjustment for elderly patients with normal renal function. Dosage should be adjusted based on renal function if impaired.
Renal_impairment
Initial loading dose of 1000 mg followed by reduced maintenance doses based on creatinine clearance (e.g., CrCl 25-50 mL/min: 500 mg q12h; CrCl 10-25 mL/min: 500 mg q24h; CrCl <10 mL/min: 500 mg q36h or longer interval after hemodialysis).
How to Take
Take orally with or without food. To minimize potential gastrointestinal upset, it can be taken with food. Swallow the capsule whole with a glass of water. Do not chew or crush.
Mechanism of Action
Cefadroxil is a bactericidal antibiotic that inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to one or more of the penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), which in turn inhibits the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis in the bacterial cell wall, thus inhibiting cell wall biosynthesis. This leads to bacterial cell lysis and death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Rapid, with therapeutic concentrations reached shortly after administration.
Excretion
Approximately 90% of the drug is excreted unchanged in the urine within 24 hours via glomerular filtration and tubular secretion. Renal clearance is reduced in patients with impaired renal function.
Half life
Approximately 1 to 2 hours in individuals with normal renal function; significantly prolonged in renal impairment.
Absorption
Well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, even in the presence of food. Peak plasma concentrations are achieved within 1 to 2 hours after oral administration.
Metabolism
Cefadroxil is not extensively metabolized in the body.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to cefadroxil, other cephalosporin antibiotics, or to any component of the formulation.
- History of serious hypersensitivity reaction (e.g., anaphylaxis) to any penicillin antibiotic.
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Concomitant administration with probenecid may decrease the renal tubular secretion of cefadroxil, resulting in increased and prolonged cefadroxil plasma concentrations.
Live Typhoid Vaccine
Antibiotics may reduce the therapeutic effect of live typhoid vaccine. Administer at least 3 days apart.
Oral Anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
Although rare, some cephalosporins may alter the anticoagulant effect of oral anticoagulants. Careful monitoring of INR is advised.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, protected from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include nausea, vomiting, epigastric distress, and diarrhea. In the event of an overdose, contact a poison control center or emergency room immediately. Gastric lavage or activated charcoal may be used. Hemodialysis may be helpful in removing the drug from the bloodstream, especially in patients with impaired renal function.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have shown no evidence of harm to the fetus, but there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Cefadroxil is excreted in human milk in low concentrations; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing mother.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to cefadroxil, other cephalosporin antibiotics, or to any component of the formulation.
- History of serious hypersensitivity reaction (e.g., anaphylaxis) to any penicillin antibiotic.
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Concomitant administration with probenecid may decrease the renal tubular secretion of cefadroxil, resulting in increased and prolonged cefadroxil plasma concentrations.
Live Typhoid Vaccine
Antibiotics may reduce the therapeutic effect of live typhoid vaccine. Administer at least 3 days apart.
Oral Anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
Although rare, some cephalosporins may alter the anticoagulant effect of oral anticoagulants. Careful monitoring of INR is advised.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, protected from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include nausea, vomiting, epigastric distress, and diarrhea. In the event of an overdose, contact a poison control center or emergency room immediately. Gastric lavage or activated charcoal may be used. Hemodialysis may be helpful in removing the drug from the bloodstream, especially in patients with impaired renal function.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have shown no evidence of harm to the fetus, but there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Cefadroxil is excreted in human milk in low concentrations; caution should be exercised when administered to a nursing mother.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years from manufacturing date
Availability
Pharmacies, hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory authorities worldwide (e.g., FDA, DGDA)
Patent Status
Generic available
Clinical Trials
Cefadroxil has undergone extensive clinical trials demonstrating its efficacy and safety for approved indications since its introduction.
Lab Monitoring
- Renal function tests (e.g., creatinine, BUN) in patients with pre-existing renal impairment or during prolonged therapy.
- Complete blood count (CBC) during prolonged therapy.
- Liver function tests if clinically indicated.
Doctor Notes
- Always confirm patient's allergy history, especially to penicillins and cephalosporins.
- Consider renal function adjustment for elderly patients and those with known renal impairment.
- Counsel patients on completing the full course of therapy to prevent resistance.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of treatment as prescribed by your doctor, even if you feel better. Stopping early may lead to recurrent infection or development of resistance.
- Do not share your medication with others.
- Inform your doctor if you experience severe diarrhea, especially if accompanied by fever or blood in stool.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and return to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Driving Precautions
Cefadroxil is not known to impair the ability to drive or operate machinery. However, if you experience dizziness or other side effects that could affect your concentration, avoid these activities.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hygiene to prevent reinfection.
- Drink plenty of fluids to help flush out bacteria, especially for urinary tract infections.
- Avoid alcohol consumption as it may exacerbate gastrointestinal side effects.
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