Duracef
Generic Name
Cefadroxil
Manufacturer
Bristol-Myers Squibb (Original developer), numerous generic manufacturers
Country
USA (Original), widely manufactured globally
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| duracef 400 mg capsule | ৳ 55.00 | ৳ 330.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Duracef 400 mg Capsule contains Cefadroxil, a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections, including those of the urinary tract, skin, soft tissues, and respiratory tract.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
General dosage: 500 mg to 1 g orally, once or twice daily, depending on the severity and type of infection. For most infections, 1 g once daily or 500 mg twice daily. For severe infections, up to 1 g twice daily.
Elderly
No specific dosage adjustment needed for elderly patients with normal renal function. Adjust dosage based on renal function if impaired.
Renal_impairment
Dosage must be adjusted in patients with renal impairment based on creatinine clearance. For CrCl 50-25 mL/min: 500 mg every 12 hours. For CrCl 24-10 mL/min: 500 mg every 24 hours. For CrCl <10 mL/min: 500 mg every 36 hours.
How to Take
Duracef capsules should be taken orally. It can be taken with or without food. Taking it with food may help to reduce potential gastrointestinal upset.
Mechanism of Action
Cefadroxil is a bactericidal antibiotic that inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to one or more of the penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), thus interfering with the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis in the bacterial cell wall.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Within 1-2 hours of administration.
Excretion
Primarily excreted unchanged by the kidneys via glomerular filtration and tubular secretion. Over 90% of the drug is excreted in the urine within 20-24 hours.
Half life
Approximately 1.5 to 2 hours in individuals with normal renal function; significantly prolonged in renal impairment.
Absorption
Rapidly and well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration. Peak plasma concentrations are reached within 1 to 2 hours.
Metabolism
Cefadroxil is minimally metabolized in the liver.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to cefadroxil, other cephalosporin antibiotics, or any component of the formulation.
- History of severe hypersensitivity reaction (e.g., anaphylaxis) to any beta-lactam antibiotic (e.g., penicillins).
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
May decrease the renal excretion of cefadroxil, leading to increased and prolonged plasma concentrations.
Aminoglycosides
Concurrent use may increase the risk of nephrotoxicity, although less common with cephalosporins than with other classes.
Oral Anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
May enhance the anticoagulant effect by altering gut flora; monitor INR carefully.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include nausea, vomiting, epigastric distress, and diarrhea. Management is primarily supportive. In cases of massive overdose, hemodialysis may be considered, especially if renal function is impaired.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have not shown harm to the fetus. Human studies are limited but do not indicate an increased risk. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Cefadroxil is excreted in human milk in low concentrations; use with caution in nursing mothers.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to cefadroxil, other cephalosporin antibiotics, or any component of the formulation.
- History of severe hypersensitivity reaction (e.g., anaphylaxis) to any beta-lactam antibiotic (e.g., penicillins).
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
May decrease the renal excretion of cefadroxil, leading to increased and prolonged plasma concentrations.
Aminoglycosides
Concurrent use may increase the risk of nephrotoxicity, although less common with cephalosporins than with other classes.
Oral Anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
May enhance the anticoagulant effect by altering gut flora; monitor INR carefully.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include nausea, vomiting, epigastric distress, and diarrhea. Management is primarily supportive. In cases of massive overdose, hemodialysis may be considered, especially if renal function is impaired.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have not shown harm to the fetus. Human studies are limited but do not indicate an increased risk. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Cefadroxil is excreted in human milk in low concentrations; use with caution in nursing mothers.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
24 to 36 months from the manufacturing date, consult product packaging for exact date.
Availability
Available in pharmacies and hospitals worldwide
Approval Status
Approved by major regulatory bodies globally
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Cefadroxil has been extensively studied in numerous clinical trials since its introduction, demonstrating efficacy and safety for its approved indications.
Lab Monitoring
- Periodic assessment of renal function (creatinine, BUN) for patients on prolonged therapy or with pre-existing renal impairment.
- Monitoring of complete blood count (CBC) if prolonged therapy is anticipated.
Doctor Notes
- Assess renal function before initiating therapy, especially in elderly or renally impaired patients, and adjust dosage accordingly.
- Consider potential cross-reactivity in patients with a history of penicillin allergy, though it is generally well-tolerated.
- Educate patients on the importance of completing the full course of therapy.
Patient Guidelines
- Take the medicine for the full prescribed duration, even if symptoms improve, to prevent resistance.
- Do not share this medication with others.
- Inform your doctor if you experience severe diarrhea or other unusual side effects.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Driving Precautions
Cefadroxil generally does not impair the ability to drive or operate machinery. However, if you experience dizziness or headache, avoid such activities.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hydration by drinking plenty of fluids.
- Avoid alcohol consumption as it may exacerbate gastrointestinal side effects.
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