Optimox
Generic Name
Moxifloxacin 400 mg injection
Manufacturer
Acme Laboratories Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| optimox 400 mg injection | ৳ 350.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Optimox-400 mg injection contains Moxifloxacin, a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections including respiratory tract, skin and soft tissue, and intra-abdominal infections.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
400 mg once daily by intravenous infusion over 60 minutes.
Elderly
No dose adjustment generally required, but caution with severe renal/hepatic impairment.
Renal_impairment
No dose adjustment required for mild to severe renal impairment (including hemodialysis and CAPD).
How to Take
Administer by intravenous infusion over 60 minutes. Do not administer as a rapid or bolus injection. Ensure adequate hydration.
Mechanism of Action
Moxifloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, essential enzymes for bacterial DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination, leading to bacterial cell death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Rapid, typically within 1-2 hours for significant plasma concentrations.
Excretion
Excreted in urine (approx. 20% unchanged drug) and feces (approx. 25% unchanged drug), and metabolites.
Half life
Approximately 12-15 hours.
Absorption
Rapid and almost complete absorption after oral administration; IV administration provides 100% bioavailability.
Metabolism
Mainly hepatic, via glucuronidation and sulfation, to inactive metabolites. Less than 1% is metabolized via CYP450.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to moxifloxacin or other quinolones.
- Patients with a history of tendinitis or tendon rupture associated with quinolone use.
- Patients with congenital or documented acquired QT prolongation or with uncorrected hypokalemia.
- Severe hepatic impairment.
- Children and adolescents (under 18 years of age).
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
May enhance anticoagulant effects, requiring INR monitoring.
Corticosteroids
Increased risk of tendinopathy and tendon rupture, especially in elderly patients.
Antacids, iron, zinc, sucralfate, didanosine (oral forms)
Although not applicable for IV, these reduce oral absorption of fluoroquinolones.
Class IA and III antiarrhythmics, tricyclic antidepressants, macrolides, antipsychotics
Increased risk of QT prolongation.
Storage
Store below 30°C. Protect from light. Do not freeze. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of overdose, provide supportive care. ECG monitoring is crucial due to the risk of QT prolongation. Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis are not effective in removing moxifloxacin.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Not recommended during pregnancy and lactation due to potential risks to the fetus/infant (e.g., cartilage damage). Use only if potential benefit outweighs risk and safer alternatives are not available.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to moxifloxacin or other quinolones.
- Patients with a history of tendinitis or tendon rupture associated with quinolone use.
- Patients with congenital or documented acquired QT prolongation or with uncorrected hypokalemia.
- Severe hepatic impairment.
- Children and adolescents (under 18 years of age).
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
May enhance anticoagulant effects, requiring INR monitoring.
Corticosteroids
Increased risk of tendinopathy and tendon rupture, especially in elderly patients.
Antacids, iron, zinc, sucralfate, didanosine (oral forms)
Although not applicable for IV, these reduce oral absorption of fluoroquinolones.
Class IA and III antiarrhythmics, tricyclic antidepressants, macrolides, antipsychotics
Increased risk of QT prolongation.
Storage
Store below 30°C. Protect from light. Do not freeze. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of overdose, provide supportive care. ECG monitoring is crucial due to the risk of QT prolongation. Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis are not effective in removing moxifloxacin.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Not recommended during pregnancy and lactation due to potential risks to the fetus/infant (e.g., cartilage damage). Use only if potential benefit outweighs risk and safer alternatives are not available.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years from manufacturing date.
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by DGDA
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Moxifloxacin has undergone extensive clinical trials demonstrating its efficacy and safety in various bacterial infections. Post-marketing surveillance continues to monitor for rare adverse events.
Lab Monitoring
- Electrolyte levels (especially potassium and magnesium) before and during treatment, particularly in at-risk patients.
- ECG monitoring in patients at risk for QT prolongation.
- Liver function tests (LFTs) if hepatic dysfunction is suspected.
- Renal function tests if impaired.
Doctor Notes
- Monitor for QT prolongation, especially in patients with pre-existing cardiac conditions, electrolyte imbalances, or on concomitant medications known to prolong the QT interval.
- Educate patients thoroughly on the serious risks of tendinopathy/rupture and peripheral neuropathy, emphasizing immediate discontinuation and medical consultation upon symptom onset.
- Avoid in pediatric patients, pregnant/lactating women unless no safer alternative is available and the benefits clearly outweigh the risks.
- Consider alternative antibiotics in patients at high risk for aortic aneurysm/dissection.
Patient Guidelines
- Report any tendon pain, swelling, inflammation, or joint problems immediately to your doctor.
- Inform your doctor about any history of heart problems, especially irregular heartbeat, or if you are taking medications that affect heart rhythm.
- Avoid excessive sun exposure and wear protective clothing as this medicine can increase sensitivity to sunlight.
- Do not stop treatment early, even if you feel better, unless advised by your doctor.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, administer it as soon as remembered. Do not double the next dose to compensate for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Moxifloxacin may cause dizziness, lightheadedness, or visual disturbances. Patients should be advised to assess their reaction to the drug before driving or operating machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Stay well-hydrated during treatment.
- Avoid strenuous physical activity or excessive exercise if any signs of tendinopathy develop.
- Inform healthcare providers about all medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs and herbal supplements.
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