Pred
Generic Name
Prednisolone 1 mg/ml Oral Suspension
Manufacturer
Various (Generic drug)
Country
Global
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| pred 1 suspension | ৳ 100.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Prednisolone is a synthetic corticosteroid used for its potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. The 1 mg/ml oral suspension is particularly useful for pediatric patients or those who have difficulty swallowing tablets.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Dosage varies widely based on the disease, severity, and individual patient response. Initial daily dose typically ranges from 5 mg to 60 mg, given as a single dose or divided doses. The dose should be gradually tapered after control is achieved.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustment is generally required, but caution should be exercised due to increased risk of side effects (e.g., osteoporosis, fluid retention). Lower initial doses may be considered.
Renal_impairment
No specific dose adjustment is usually needed for mild to moderate renal impairment. For severe impairment, monitoring for adverse effects and cautious use is recommended.
How to Take
Shake the suspension well before each use. Measure the prescribed dose accurately using a calibrated measuring device. Prednisolone suspension can be taken with food or milk to minimize gastric irritation.
Mechanism of Action
Prednisolone binds to intracellular glucocorticoid receptors, forming a complex that translocates to the nucleus and modulates gene expression. This leads to the synthesis of anti-inflammatory proteins and inhibition of pro-inflammatory mediators, thereby reducing inflammation and suppressing the immune system.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Anti-inflammatory effects typically begin within 1-2 hours, but full therapeutic effects may take longer depending on the condition.
Excretion
Excreted primarily in the urine as inactive metabolites. A small amount is excreted unchanged.
Half life
Plasma half-life is approximately 2-4 hours, while the biological half-life is 18-36 hours due to its sustained cellular effects.
Absorption
Rapidly and well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration. Peak plasma concentrations are usually reached within 1-2 hours.
Metabolism
Primarily metabolized in the liver to inactive metabolites, mainly by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzymes.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Systemic fungal infections
- Known hypersensitivity to prednisolone or any component of the formulation
- Administration of live or live-attenuated vaccines in patients receiving immunosuppressive doses
Drug Interactions
NSAIDs
Increased risk of gastrointestinal ulceration and bleeding.
Warfarin
Altered anticoagulant effect; monitor INR.
Insulin/Oral Hypoglycemics
May increase blood glucose levels, requiring dose adjustment of antidiabetic drugs.
Diuretics (Thiazide and Loop)
Increased potassium loss.
Phenytoin, Phenobarbital, Rifampin
May increase corticosteroid clearance, reducing its effect.
Ketoconazole, Macrolide antibiotics
May inhibit corticosteroid metabolism, increasing its effects.
Storage
Store at room temperature (20°C to 25°C), away from direct light and moisture. Do not freeze. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Acute overdose with prednisolone is rare and usually does not lead to life-threatening reactions. Chronic overdose can lead to severe side effects such as Cushing's syndrome, hyperglycemia, and hypertension. Management is symptomatic and supportive; gradual withdrawal of the drug may be necessary.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Prednisolone is excreted in breast milk; observe infants for signs of adrenal suppression or other adverse effects. Consult your doctor.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Systemic fungal infections
- Known hypersensitivity to prednisolone or any component of the formulation
- Administration of live or live-attenuated vaccines in patients receiving immunosuppressive doses
Drug Interactions
NSAIDs
Increased risk of gastrointestinal ulceration and bleeding.
Warfarin
Altered anticoagulant effect; monitor INR.
Insulin/Oral Hypoglycemics
May increase blood glucose levels, requiring dose adjustment of antidiabetic drugs.
Diuretics (Thiazide and Loop)
Increased potassium loss.
Phenytoin, Phenobarbital, Rifampin
May increase corticosteroid clearance, reducing its effect.
Ketoconazole, Macrolide antibiotics
May inhibit corticosteroid metabolism, increasing its effects.
Storage
Store at room temperature (20°C to 25°C), away from direct light and moisture. Do not freeze. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Acute overdose with prednisolone is rare and usually does not lead to life-threatening reactions. Chronic overdose can lead to severe side effects such as Cushing's syndrome, hyperglycemia, and hypertension. Management is symptomatic and supportive; gradual withdrawal of the drug may be necessary.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Prednisolone is excreted in breast milk; observe infants for signs of adrenal suppression or other adverse effects. Consult your doctor.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 12 to 24 months for unopened bottles when stored under recommended conditions. Once opened, shelf life may be shorter (e.g., 28 days), refer to product leaflet.
Availability
Pharmacies, hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory bodies (e.g., FDA, DGDA)
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Prednisolone has been extensively studied in numerous clinical trials over decades, demonstrating its efficacy and safety in a wide range of inflammatory, allergic, and autoimmune conditions. These trials support its use as a foundational corticosteroid.
Lab Monitoring
- Blood glucose levels (especially in diabetic or pre-diabetic patients)
- Electrolyte levels (potassium, sodium)
- Blood pressure monitoring
- Bone mineral density (for long-term therapy)
- Adrenal function tests (after withdrawal)
Doctor Notes
- Always emphasize the importance of gradual tapering to prevent adrenal crisis.
- Educate patients on potential signs of infection and the need for prompt reporting.
- Consider bone protective measures (calcium, vitamin D, bisphosphonates) for long-term use.
- Regularly monitor blood glucose and blood pressure, especially in at-risk patients.
Patient Guidelines
- Do not stop taking prednisolone abruptly, especially after long-term use. Your doctor will provide a tapering schedule.
- Take the medicine with food or milk to reduce stomach upset.
- Report any signs of infection (fever, sore throat) immediately, as prednisolone can mask symptoms.
- Monitor your blood pressure and blood sugar regularly as advised by your doctor.
- Carry an identification card indicating you are on corticosteroid therapy.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one. Consult your doctor if unsure.
Driving Precautions
Prednisolone can sometimes cause side effects like dizziness, visual disturbances, or mood changes. If you experience any of these, avoid driving or operating machinery until you know how the medicine affects you.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain a healthy diet rich in calcium and vitamin D to support bone health.
- Limit salt intake to help manage fluid retention and blood pressure.
- Engage in regular, moderate exercise if possible, to maintain muscle strength and bone density.
- Avoid exposure to people with infections, especially chickenpox or measles, due to increased susceptibility.
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