Medicine Information

Purisal

Name: Purisal
Brand: Purisal
Rating: 4.5 (117 reviews)

Syrup1 mg/5 mlAntihistamine, AntiallergicATC: R06AX02

Generic Name

Cyproheptadine Hydrochloride 1 mg/5 ml

Manufacturer

Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.

Country

Bangladesh

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Price Details

Current market pricing information

Variant	Unit Price	Strip Price
purisal 1 mg syrup	৳ 30.00	N/A

Description

Overview of the medicine

Purisal 1 mg Syrup is an antihistamine primarily used to relieve symptoms of seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and pruritic skin conditions such as urticaria and angioedema. It can also be used as an appetite stimulant in some cases.

Uses & Indications

Perennial and seasonal allergic rhinitis

Vasomotor rhinitis

Allergic conjunctivitis

Urticaria and angioedema

Pruritic skin conditions

Adjunctive therapy for anaphylactic reactions

Appetite stimulation (off-label or specific cases)

Dosage

Adults

Adults: 4 mg three times daily, maximum 32 mg/day. For appetite stimulation, 2-4 mg three times daily.

Elderly

Elderly: Start with lower doses (e.g., 2 mg twice daily) and adjust based on response and tolerability due to increased sensitivity to anticholinergic effects.

Renal_impairment

Renal impairment: Use with caution, dosage reduction may be necessary. Specific guidelines are lacking, monitor for side effects.

How to Take

Administer orally, preferably with food to reduce gastrointestinal upset. Use a measuring spoon or cup provided with the syrup for accurate dosing.

Mechanism of Action

Cyproheptadine is a first-generation antihistamine that acts as a potent serotonin and H1-histamine receptor antagonist. It blocks histamine's actions, thereby reducing allergic symptoms. It also has anticholinergic and sedative properties.

Pharmacokinetics

Onset

30-60 minutes.

Excretion

Primarily via urine (approximately 2-20% unchanged) and feces.

Half life

Approximately 8 hours.

Absorption

Well absorbed orally, peak plasma levels within 1-3 hours.

Metabolism

Extensively metabolized in the liver (hydroxylation followed by conjugation).

Side Effects

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to cyproheptadine or any component of the formulation
Newborn or premature infants
Nursing mothers
Elderly, debilitated patients with glaucoma, urinary retention, or prostatic hypertrophy
Patients on MAO inhibitors
Acute asthma attacks

Drug Interactions

MAO Inhibitors

Concurrent use may prolong and intensify the anticholinergic effects of cyproheptadine.

Anticholinergics

Additive anticholinergic effects, increasing risk of side effects like dry mouth, constipation, and urinary retention.

CNS Depressants (e.g., alcohol, sedatives, hypnotics, tranquilizers)

Increased central nervous system depression, including sedation.

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place below 30°C, away from direct sunlight. Keep out of reach of children.

Overdose

Symptoms may include drowsiness, dizziness, ataxia, hallucinations, convulsions, dry mouth, fixed dilated pupils, flushing, and gastrointestinal symptoms. Management involves supportive care, gastric lavage, activated charcoal, and symptomatic treatment.

Pregnancy & Lactation

Pregnancy Category B. Use only if clearly needed. Contraindicated in nursing mothers as antihistamines may be excreted in breast milk and pose risks to the infant.

Side Effects

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to cyproheptadine or any component of the formulation
Newborn or premature infants
Nursing mothers
Elderly, debilitated patients with glaucoma, urinary retention, or prostatic hypertrophy
Patients on MAO inhibitors
Acute asthma attacks

Drug Interactions

MAO Inhibitors

Concurrent use may prolong and intensify the anticholinergic effects of cyproheptadine.

Anticholinergics

Additive anticholinergic effects, increasing risk of side effects like dry mouth, constipation, and urinary retention.

CNS Depressants (e.g., alcohol, sedatives, hypnotics, tranquilizers)

Increased central nervous system depression, including sedation.

Storage

Store in a cool, dry place below 30°C, away from direct sunlight. Keep out of reach of children.

Overdose

Pregnancy & Lactation

Pregnancy Category B. Use only if clearly needed. Contraindicated in nursing mothers as antihistamines may be excreted in breast milk and pose risks to the infant.

Frequently Asked Questions

Common questions about this medicine

Pack Sizes

100 ml syrup

Shelf Life

24 months from the date of manufacture

Availability

Available in pharmacies and hospitals nationwide

Approval Status

Approved by DGDA, Bangladesh

Patent Status

Generic (Off-patent)

Clinical Trials

Extensive clinical trials have established the efficacy and safety of cyproheptadine for its approved indications. Further studies continue to explore its role in appetite stimulation and other potential uses.

Lab Monitoring

Routine monitoring of liver function tests may be considered with prolonged high-dose therapy.
Monitor for blood dyscrasias if unusual symptoms occur.

Doctor Notes

Caution in patients with a history of asthma, narrow-angle glaucoma, or prostatic hypertrophy.
Advise patients about potential sedation and avoidance of driving/operating machinery.
Monitor for paradoxical excitation in pediatric patients.

Patient Guidelines

Do not exceed the recommended dose.
Avoid alcohol and other CNS depressants.
Be aware of potential drowsiness and impairment of mental alertness.
Inform your doctor about all other medications you are taking.

Missed Dose Advice

If a dose is missed, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose.