Vertex
Generic Name
Ceftriaxone
Manufacturer
General Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| vertex 1 gm injection | ৳ 190.21 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Vertex 1 gm Injection contains Ceftriaxone, a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections including meningitis, pneumonia, skin and soft tissue infections, and urinary tract infections. It works by preventing bacteria from forming their cell walls.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
1-2 gm once daily (or in two divided doses) intravenously (IV) or intramuscularly (IM), depending on the infection severity. Max 4 gm/day.
Elderly
No specific dosage adjustment usually required unless severe renal or hepatic impairment.
Renal_impairment
No dosage adjustment needed for mild to moderate impairment. For severe impairment (creatinine clearance <10 mL/min), monitor plasma levels. Max 2 gm/day for severe renal or hepatic impairment.
How to Take
Administered by slow intravenous infusion over 30 minutes, or by deep intramuscular injection. Intramuscular injection should be given into a large muscle mass.
Mechanism of Action
Ceftriaxone is a bactericidal antibiotic that inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), leading to bacterial cell lysis and death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Rapid, typically within minutes for IV administration.
Excretion
Excreted by both renal (glomerular filtration) and non-renal (biliary) routes. Approximately 35-65% in urine and 35-65% in bile/feces.
Half life
Approximately 5.8 to 8.7 hours (prolonged in neonates, elderly, and those with renal/hepatic impairment).
Absorption
Rapidly and completely absorbed following intramuscular (IM) or intravenous (IV) administration. Peak plasma concentrations are reached within 2-3 hours for IM and at the end of infusion for IV.
Metabolism
Partially metabolized in the liver to inactive metabolites. About 33-67% of the administered dose is excreted unchanged.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ceftriaxone or any other cephalosporin antibiotics
- Hypersensitivity to penicillin (cross-reactivity)
- Neonates with hyperbilirubinemia, especially premature infants
- Neonates requiring calcium-containing IV solutions (due to precipitation risk)
Drug Interactions
Aminoglycosides
Synergistic effect, but monitor renal function.
Calcium-containing solutions
Concomitant use is contraindicated in neonates and should be avoided in all other age groups as well.
Loop diuretics (e.g., Furosemide)
May increase nephrotoxicity, especially with other nephrotoxic drugs.
Oral anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
Increased risk of bleeding due to vitamin K antagonism.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light. Reconstituted solution should be used immediately or within 6-24 hours depending on the solvent and temperature.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and convulsions. Management is symptomatic and supportive. Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis are not effective for removing ceftriaxone.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have not shown a risk, but human data are limited. Use only if clearly needed. Excreted in low concentrations in breast milk; generally considered compatible with breastfeeding, but monitor infant for potential side effects (e.g., diarrhea, candidiasis).
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ceftriaxone or any other cephalosporin antibiotics
- Hypersensitivity to penicillin (cross-reactivity)
- Neonates with hyperbilirubinemia, especially premature infants
- Neonates requiring calcium-containing IV solutions (due to precipitation risk)
Drug Interactions
Aminoglycosides
Synergistic effect, but monitor renal function.
Calcium-containing solutions
Concomitant use is contraindicated in neonates and should be avoided in all other age groups as well.
Loop diuretics (e.g., Furosemide)
May increase nephrotoxicity, especially with other nephrotoxic drugs.
Oral anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
Increased risk of bleeding due to vitamin K antagonism.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light. Reconstituted solution should be used immediately or within 6-24 hours depending on the solvent and temperature.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and convulsions. Management is symptomatic and supportive. Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis are not effective for removing ceftriaxone.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have not shown a risk, but human data are limited. Use only if clearly needed. Excreted in low concentrations in breast milk; generally considered compatible with breastfeeding, but monitor infant for potential side effects (e.g., diarrhea, candidiasis).
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years from the date of manufacture, when stored as recommended.
Availability
Hospitals, Clinics, Pharmacies
Approval Status
Approved by major regulatory bodies globally
Patent Status
Generic available (original patent expired)
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Numerous clinical trials have established the efficacy and safety of Ceftriaxone for a broad spectrum of bacterial infections since its introduction.
Lab Monitoring
- Complete Blood Count (CBC)
- Liver function tests (LFTs)
- Renal function tests (RFTs) for prolonged therapy or in patients with pre-existing impairment
Doctor Notes
- Ceftriaxone is a broad-spectrum antibiotic; ensure appropriate indication and culture sensitivity where possible.
- Be aware of the potential for ceftriaxone-calcium precipitation, especially in neonates.
- Monitor for signs of C. difficile infection if diarrhea develops during or after treatment.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of antibiotic treatment as prescribed, even if symptoms improve.
- Report any severe allergic reactions or unusual side effects immediately.
- Do not self-administer the injection; it must be given by a healthcare professional.
- Inform your doctor about all other medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs and herbal supplements.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose.
Driving Precautions
May cause dizziness; caution is advised when driving or operating machinery until you know how the medicine affects you.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hygiene to prevent further infections.
- Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids.
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