Xanuric
Generic Name
Allopurinol
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| xanuric 40 mg tablet | ৳ 12.00 | ৳ 120.00 |
| xanuric 80 mg tablet | ৳ 22.00 | ৳ 220.00 |
| xanuric 120 mg tablet | ৳ 34.00 | ৳ 340.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Xanuric (Allopurinol) is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor used to reduce high uric acid levels in the blood, which can cause gout or kidney stones. It works by decreasing the production of uric acid in the body.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Initial dose 100 mg daily, usually 200-300 mg daily for mild gout, up to 600-800 mg daily for severe cases. Max 900 mg daily. Administered as a single dose or divided doses.
Elderly
Lower doses may be required due to potential renal impairment. Start with 100 mg daily.
Renal_impairment
Dosage reduction is necessary. e.g., CrCl 10-20 mL/min: 100-200 mg daily; CrCl <10 mL/min: 100 mg daily or less frequent.
How to Take
Take orally once daily after meals with plenty of water to minimize gastrointestinal irritation and aid in hydration.
Mechanism of Action
Allopurinol and its main metabolite, oxypurinol, decrease uric acid production by inhibiting xanthine oxidase, an enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of hypoxanthine to xanthine and xanthine to uric acid.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Starts to lower uric acid levels in 24-48 hours, full effect in 2 weeks.
Excretion
Mainly renal excretion of oxypurinol; small amount of allopurinol excreted unchanged.
Half life
Allopurinol: 1-2 hours; Oxypurinol: 18-30 hours.
Absorption
Well absorbed orally (approx. 80%), peak plasma levels in 1.5 hours.
Metabolism
Rapidly metabolized to active metabolite oxypurinol by xanthine oxidase.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to allopurinol or any component of the formulation
- Acute gout attack (do not initiate during an acute attack, but may continue if already taking)
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
Potentiates anticoagulant effect, monitor INR.
Thiazide diuretics
May increase allopurinol levels and risk of toxicity, especially in renal impairment.
Ampicillin/Amoxicillin
Increased risk of skin rash.
Azathioprine/Mercaptopurine
Allopurinol inhibits metabolism, increasing toxicity. Reduce dose of azathioprine/mercaptopurine significantly (e.g., 25-33% of original dose).
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness. Treatment is supportive. Maintain adequate hydration to promote excretion of allopurinol and oxypurinol. Dialysis may be useful in severe cases.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use only if clearly needed and potential benefits outweigh risks. Allopurinol and oxypurinol are excreted in breast milk. Use with caution in nursing mothers.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to allopurinol or any component of the formulation
- Acute gout attack (do not initiate during an acute attack, but may continue if already taking)
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
Potentiates anticoagulant effect, monitor INR.
Thiazide diuretics
May increase allopurinol levels and risk of toxicity, especially in renal impairment.
Ampicillin/Amoxicillin
Increased risk of skin rash.
Azathioprine/Mercaptopurine
Allopurinol inhibits metabolism, increasing toxicity. Reduce dose of azathioprine/mercaptopurine significantly (e.g., 25-33% of original dose).
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness. Treatment is supportive. Maintain adequate hydration to promote excretion of allopurinol and oxypurinol. Dialysis may be useful in severe cases.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use only if clearly needed and potential benefits outweigh risks. Allopurinol and oxypurinol are excreted in breast milk. Use with caution in nursing mothers.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years from manufacturing date.
Availability
Pharmacies, hospitals
Approval Status
Approved
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensive clinical trials have established allopurinol's efficacy and safety in gout and hyperuricemia management.
Lab Monitoring
- Serum uric acid levels (regularly)
- Liver function tests (LFTs)
- Renal function tests (e.g., creatinine, BUN)
- Complete blood count (CBC)
Doctor Notes
- Educate patients on the importance of hydration.
- Advise patients to report any rash immediately.
- Consider HLA-B*58:01 testing in at-risk populations before initiation.
Patient Guidelines
- Drink plenty of water (2-3 liters daily) to help prevent kidney stones.
- Do not stop taking this medicine without consulting your doctor, even if you feel better.
- Report any skin rash immediately to your doctor.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose.
Driving Precautions
May cause drowsiness or dizziness. Exercise caution when driving or operating machinery until you know how this medicine affects you.
Lifestyle Advice
- Avoid purine-rich foods (e.g., organ meats, seafood, alcohol, sugary drinks).
- Maintain a healthy weight.
- Regular exercise.
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.
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