Xbac
Generic Name
Ciprofloxacin
Manufacturer
Eskayef Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| xbac 500 mg tablet | ৳ 14.09 | ৳ 140.90 |
| xbac 750 mg tablet | ৳ 18.11 | ৳ 181.10 |
| xbac 250 mg suspension | ৳ 90.60 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Xbac (Ciprofloxacin) is a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
250-750 mg orally twice daily, depending on the infection type and severity. IV dosage is 200-400 mg twice daily.
Elderly
No specific dose adjustment based solely on age, but consider renal function.
Renal_impairment
Dosage reduction is required for patients with severe renal impairment (CrCl < 30 mL/min).
How to Take
Oral tablets can be taken with or without food. However, taking with food may help reduce gastrointestinal upset. Do not take with dairy products or calcium-fortified juices alone. IV infusion should be administered slowly over 60 minutes.
Mechanism of Action
Ciprofloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, essential enzymes involved in DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination. This leads to bacterial cell death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Within 1-2 hours (oral)
Excretion
Primarily excreted renally via glomerular filtration and tubular secretion; a small portion is excreted via the fecal route.
Half life
Approximately 3-5 hours (increases in renal impairment)
Absorption
Rapidly and well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract; bioavailability is approximately 70-80%. Peak serum concentrations are generally attained 1-2 hours after oral dosing.
Metabolism
Partially metabolized in the liver to four active metabolites; however, these metabolites possess less antimicrobial activity than the parent drug.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin or other fluoroquinolones
- Concomitant administration with tizanidine
- History of myasthenia gravis
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
May enhance anticoagulant effect
Tizanidine
Contraindicated
Theophylline
Increased plasma concentrations of theophylline
Corticosteroids
Increased risk of tendon rupture
Antacids (aluminum, magnesium, calcium)
Reduce absorption of ciprofloxacin
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include acute renal failure. Management includes symptomatic and supportive care. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis is not effective in removing ciprofloxacin.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C: Use only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Lactation: Ciprofloxacin is excreted into breast milk. Discontinue nursing or the drug.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin or other fluoroquinolones
- Concomitant administration with tizanidine
- History of myasthenia gravis
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
May enhance anticoagulant effect
Tizanidine
Contraindicated
Theophylline
Increased plasma concentrations of theophylline
Corticosteroids
Increased risk of tendon rupture
Antacids (aluminum, magnesium, calcium)
Reduce absorption of ciprofloxacin
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include acute renal failure. Management includes symptomatic and supportive care. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis is not effective in removing ciprofloxacin.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C: Use only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Lactation: Ciprofloxacin is excreted into breast milk. Discontinue nursing or the drug.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years from manufacturing date.
Availability
Available in pharmacies, hospitals, and clinics worldwide
Approval Status
Approved by major regulatory bodies (e.g., FDA, DGDA)
Patent Status
Generic available (patent expired)
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Numerous clinical trials have established the efficacy and safety of ciprofloxacin across various bacterial infections.
Lab Monitoring
- Renal function (BUN, creatinine) in patients with renal impairment
- Liver function tests (ALT, AST) periodically
- Complete blood count (CBC) during prolonged therapy
Doctor Notes
- Advise patients to report any unusual pain, especially in tendons.
- Be aware of potential drug interactions, particularly with tizanidine and antacids.
- Consider renal function for dose adjustments.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of treatment, even if symptoms improve.
- Avoid excessive sun exposure and use sunscreen.
- Drink plenty of fluids to prevent crystalluria.
- Report any pain, swelling, or inflammation of a tendon immediately.
Missed Dose Advice
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember, unless it is almost time for your next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
May cause dizziness or lightheadedness; caution when driving or operating machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hygiene to prevent recurrence of infections.
- Eat a balanced diet to support overall health.
- Avoid activities that put stress on tendons during treatment.
Alternative Medicines in Bangladesh
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.
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