Xirocip
Generic Name
Ciprofloxacin
Manufacturer
A.J. Pharmaceuticals (Hypothetical)
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| xirocip 500 mg tablet | ৳ 14.04 | N/A |
| xirocip 200 mg injection | ৳ 70.21 | N/A |
| xirocip 250 mg suspension | ৳ 90.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Xirocip is a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections including urinary tract infections, respiratory tract infections, skin infections, bone and joint infections, and certain sexually transmitted infections.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Typically 250-750 mg orally twice daily, depending on the infection. Duration varies from 3 to 14 days or longer.
Elderly
Dosage adjustment may be necessary in elderly patients with impaired renal function. Generally, lower end of adult dose.
Renal_impairment
Dose reduction is required in patients with creatinine clearance < 50 mL/min. For severe impairment (CrCl < 30 mL/min), halve the dose.
How to Take
Oral tablets can be taken with or without food, but avoid dairy products and calcium-fortified juices. Administer IV solution slowly over 60 minutes. Eye/ear drops are applied locally.
Mechanism of Action
Ciprofloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, essential enzymes involved in bacterial DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination. This leads to disruption of bacterial DNA and cell death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
1-2 hours (oral)
Excretion
Mainly renal excretion (approximately 50-70% as unchanged drug and metabolites). Some excretion via feces (15-30%).
Half life
3-5 hours (average)
Absorption
Rapidly and well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, with peak plasma concentrations occurring 1-2 hours after oral administration. Bioavailability is approximately 70-80%.
Metabolism
Primarily hepatic metabolism (CYP450 system) to less active metabolites; however, a significant portion is excreted unchanged.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin or other quinolones
- Concomitant use with Tizanidine
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
Increased anticoagulant effect; monitor INR.
Tizanidine
Increased tizanidine plasma concentrations, leading to hypotension and somnolence (contraindicated).
Theophylline
Increased serum theophylline levels, risk of toxicity.
Antacids/Iron/Zinc/Calcium
Decreased absorption of ciprofloxacin; administer at least 2 hours before or 6 hours after.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light. Do not freeze.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include acute renal failure, crystalluria, and reversible renal toxicity. Management involves gastric emptying (if recent), hydration to prevent crystalluria, and supportive care. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis remove only small amounts of ciprofloxacin.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Generally not recommended during pregnancy due to potential effects on fetal cartilage development (Category C). Avoid during breastfeeding as ciprofloxacin is excreted in breast milk and may cause adverse effects in the infant.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin or other quinolones
- Concomitant use with Tizanidine
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
Increased anticoagulant effect; monitor INR.
Tizanidine
Increased tizanidine plasma concentrations, leading to hypotension and somnolence (contraindicated).
Theophylline
Increased serum theophylline levels, risk of toxicity.
Antacids/Iron/Zinc/Calcium
Decreased absorption of ciprofloxacin; administer at least 2 hours before or 6 hours after.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light. Do not freeze.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include acute renal failure, crystalluria, and reversible renal toxicity. Management involves gastric emptying (if recent), hydration to prevent crystalluria, and supportive care. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis remove only small amounts of ciprofloxacin.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Generally not recommended during pregnancy due to potential effects on fetal cartilage development (Category C). Avoid during breastfeeding as ciprofloxacin is excreted in breast milk and may cause adverse effects in the infant.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
24-36 months from manufacturing date
Availability
Available in pharmacies, hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by FDA, DGDA
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensive clinical trials have established the efficacy and safety of ciprofloxacin for a wide range of bacterial infections. Ongoing research explores new indications and resistance patterns.
Lab Monitoring
- Renal function tests (creatinine, BUN) in patients with impaired renal function
- Liver function tests (ALT, AST) if liver dysfunction is suspected
- INR in patients on Warfarin
Doctor Notes
- Consider alternative antibiotics if a patient has a history of tendon disorders or myasthenia gravis.
- Counsel patients on potential severe adverse reactions, especially tendon-related events and peripheral neuropathy.
- Monitor renal function in elderly and renally impaired patients.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of treatment, even if you feel better.
- Drink plenty of fluids to prevent crystalluria.
- Avoid excessive sun exposure due to photosensitivity.
- Report any tendon pain, numbness, tingling, or mood changes immediately.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as you remember, unless it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Ciprofloxacin may cause dizziness, lightheadedness, or visual disturbances. Patients should be advised to know how they react to the drug before driving or operating machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hydration.
- Avoid strenuous physical activity if experiencing tendon pain.
- Protect skin from sun.
- Limit caffeine intake.
Alternative Medicines in Bangladesh
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.
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