Zerotil
Generic Name
Ceftriaxone for Injection
Manufacturer
MediCare Pharma Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| zerotil 15 gm injection | ৳ 275.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Zerotil 15 gm Injection is a broad-spectrum antibiotic from the cephalosporin class, primarily used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections. This high-strength formulation is typically prepared as a multi-dose vial for intravenous or intramuscular administration.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Typical dose is 1-2 gm once daily via IV or IM. In severe cases, up to 4 gm daily may be given. The 15 gm vial is for reconstitution and subsequent multiple doses or specific high-dose regimens as directed by a physician.
Elderly
No dosage adjustment is generally required unless there is severe renal or hepatic impairment.
Renal_impairment
No dosage adjustment is necessary for mild to moderate renal impairment. For severe impairment (creatinine clearance <10 ml/min), monitoring is advised; however, dose adjustments are usually not needed due to dual elimination pathways.
How to Take
For intravenous (IV) or intramuscular (IM) injection after reconstitution with appropriate diluent. IV administration should be slow (over 30 minutes) to avoid discomfort. IM injection should be deep into a large muscle mass.
Mechanism of Action
Ceftriaxone, the active ingredient, works by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. It binds to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located in the bacterial cell wall, which are essential for peptidoglycan synthesis. This disruption leads to bactericidal action and bacterial cell lysis.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Within 30 minutes (IV), 1-2 hours (IM)
Excretion
About 50-60% excreted unchanged in urine via glomerular filtration and tubular secretion, and 40-50% excreted in bile as inactive metabolites.
Half life
Approximately 5.8 to 8.7 hours (can be extended in neonates and elderly)
Absorption
Rapidly and completely absorbed after intramuscular administration, with peak plasma concentrations occurring 2-3 hours post-dose. Intravenous administration achieves immediate peak concentrations.
Metabolism
Not significantly metabolized in the liver; primarily undergoes non-enzymatic cleavage to inactive metabolites.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- •Hypersensitivity to ceftriaxone or any other cephalosporin antibiotics.
- •History of severe hypersensitivity reactions (e.g., anaphylaxis) to any other type of beta-lactam antibacterial agent (e.g., penicillins, monobactams, carbapenems).
- •Neonates with hyperbilirubinemia, especially premature neonates, due to risk of bilirubin encephalopathy.
- •Concomitant use with calcium-containing solutions (e.g., Ringer's solution, parenteral nutrition) in neonates.
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
May decrease renal excretion of ceftriaxone, leading to increased plasma concentrations (though not typically clinically significant).
Aminoglycosides
Synergistic antibacterial effect, but may also increase nephrotoxicity.
Calcium-containing solutions
Formation of insoluble ceftriaxone-calcium precipitates, particularly in neonates, leading to severe or fatal reactions.
Oral Anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin)
Increased risk of bleeding due to vitamin K antagonism. Prothrombin time/INR monitoring is recommended.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, protected from light. Reconstituted solution should be used immediately or stored as per manufacturer's guidelines for a limited period.
Overdose
In case of overdose, symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Management is primarily symptomatic and supportive. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis is not effective for removing ceftriaxone.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have not shown harm to the fetus. It should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Excreted in low concentrations in breast milk; caution advised during lactation.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
36 months from manufacturing date when stored correctly.
Availability
Hospitals, Clinics, Pharmacies
Approval Status
Approved by health authorities
Patent Status
Expired
WHO Essential Medicine
YesAlternative Medicines in Bangladesh
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine
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