Medicine Information

Cipro-A

Name: Cipro-A
Brand: Cipro-A

Tablet500 mgAntibiotic; FluoroquinoloneATC: J01MA02

Generic Name

Ciprofloxacin

Manufacturer

Example Pharma Ltd.

Country

Bangladesh

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Price Details

Current market pricing information

Variant	Unit Price	Strip Price
cipro a 500 mg tablet	৳ 16.50	৳ 165.00

Description

Overview of the medicine

Ciprofloxacin 500 mg tablet is a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections, including urinary tract infections, respiratory tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections, and bone and joint infections.

Uses & Indications

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)

Respiratory Tract Infections (e.g., acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, pneumonia)

Skin and Soft Tissue Infections

Bone and Joint Infections

Gastrointestinal Infections (e.g., infectious diarrhea)

Dosage

Adults

Typically 250-750 mg orally twice daily, depending on the infection severity and type. For UTIs, 250-500 mg twice daily.

Elderly

Dosage adjustment may be required based on renal function. Generally, start with the lower end of the adult dose.

Renal_impairment

Dosage must be reduced based on creatinine clearance (e.g., if CrCl < 30 mL/min, reduce dose by 50%).

How to Take

Ciprofloxacin tablets can be taken with or without food. To minimize gastrointestinal upset, it can be taken with food. Do not take with dairy products or calcium-fortified juices alone. Take with plenty of fluids.

Mechanism of Action

Ciprofloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, essential enzymes involved in DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination. This leads to bacterial cell death.

Pharmacokinetics

Onset

0.5-2 hours

Excretion

Primarily excreted renally (approximately 50-70% as unchanged drug) and to a lesser extent via the feces.

Half life

3-5 hours (in healthy adults)

Absorption

Rapidly and well absorbed after oral administration, bioavailability around 70-80%.

Metabolism

Partially metabolized in the liver to less active metabolites.

Side Effects

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin or other fluoroquinolones
Concomitant administration with tizanidine
History of tendinitis or tendon rupture associated with quinolone use

Drug Interactions

Warfarin

Enhanced anticoagulant effect, increased risk of bleeding.

Tizanidine

Contraindicated due to increased tizanidine plasma concentrations, leading to hypotension and somnolence.

Theophylline

Increased serum theophylline concentrations, leading to toxicity.

Corticosteroids

Increased risk of tendon rupture.

Antacids (containing Mg, Al, Ca), sucralfate, iron, zinc

Reduced ciprofloxacin absorption. Administer ciprofloxacin 2 hours before or 6 hours after these agents.

Storage

Store below 30°C in a dry place, protected from light. Keep out of reach of children.

Overdose

In case of overdose, gastric lavage and symptomatic supportive treatment are recommended. Maintain adequate hydration. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis are unlikely to remove significant amounts of ciprofloxacin.

Pregnancy & Lactation

Use in pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus (Category C). Ciprofloxacin is excreted in breast milk; therefore, use during lactation is generally not recommended, or alternative feeding methods should be considered.

Side Effects

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin or other fluoroquinolones
Concomitant administration with tizanidine
History of tendinitis or tendon rupture associated with quinolone use

Drug Interactions

Warfarin

Enhanced anticoagulant effect, increased risk of bleeding.

Tizanidine

Contraindicated due to increased tizanidine plasma concentrations, leading to hypotension and somnolence.

Theophylline

Increased serum theophylline concentrations, leading to toxicity.

Corticosteroids

Increased risk of tendon rupture.

Antacids (containing Mg, Al, Ca), sucralfate, iron, zinc

Reduced ciprofloxacin absorption. Administer ciprofloxacin 2 hours before or 6 hours after these agents.

Storage

Store below 30°C in a dry place, protected from light. Keep out of reach of children.

Overdose

Pregnancy & Lactation

Frequently Asked Questions

Common questions about this medicine

Pack Sizes

1 x 10 tablets3 x 10 tablets

Shelf Life

24-36 months from manufacturing date

Availability

Pharmacies, Hospitals

Approval Status

Approved by major regulatory bodies (e.g., FDA, EMA, DGDA)

Patent Status

Generic available (original patent expired)

WHO Essential Medicine

Yes

Clinical Trials

Extensive clinical trials have established ciprofloxacin's efficacy and safety for various bacterial infections since its introduction. Ongoing trials may investigate new indications or formulations.

Lab Monitoring

Renal function tests (e.g., creatinine, BUN) in patients with impaired renal function
Liver function tests (LFTs) if abnormalities are suspected
Prothrombin time/INR for patients on warfarin

Doctor Notes

Counsel patients on the Black Box Warning regarding tendon issues, peripheral neuropathy, and CNS effects.
Emphasize completion of the full antibiotic course.
Advise patients to report any unusual symptoms promptly.

Patient Guidelines

Complete the full course of treatment as prescribed, even if you feel better.
Drink plenty of fluids to prevent crystalluria.
Avoid excessive exposure to sunlight or artificial UV light, as ciprofloxacin can cause photosensitivity.
Report any symptoms of tendon pain, numbness, or tingling immediately to your doctor.

Missed Dose Advice

If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember, unless it is almost time for your next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose.

Driving Precautions

Ciprofloxacin may cause dizziness or lightheadedness, affecting the ability to drive or operate machinery. Patients should be aware of their reaction to the medicine before driving or performing hazardous tasks.