Cipro-A
Generic Name
Ciprofloxacin
Manufacturer
Reputable Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| cipro a 750 mg tablet | ৳ 18.11 | ৳ 181.10 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Cipro-A 750 mg Tablet is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections, including those of the urinary tract, respiratory tract, skin, bone, and gastrointestinal tract.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Typical adult oral dosage for most infections is 500-750 mg every 12 hours, depending on the severity and type of infection. For uncomplicated UTIs, 250 mg every 12 hours may be sufficient.
Elderly
Dosage adjustment may be necessary in elderly patients with impaired renal function. Close monitoring is advised.
Renal_impairment
Dosage reduction is required for patients with creatinine clearance <30 mL/min; for 750 mg, reduce to 250-500 mg every 18-24 hours.
How to Take
Take orally with a glass of water, usually twice daily. Can be taken with or without food, but dairy products and calcium-fortified juices should be avoided immediately before or after taking Ciprofloxacin. Do not crush or chew the tablet.
Mechanism of Action
Ciprofloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, enzymes necessary for bacterial DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination, leading to bacterial cell death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Typically within 1-2 hours.
Excretion
Primarily excreted renally (50-70% as unchanged drug) and to a lesser extent via the feces.
Half life
Approximately 3-5 hours, extended in renal impairment.
Absorption
Rapidly and well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, with peak plasma concentrations occurring 1-2 hours after oral administration.
Metabolism
Partially metabolized in the liver (10-20%) to less active metabolites.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin or other fluoroquinolones
- Concomitant use with tizanidine
- History of myasthenia gravis exacerbation
- History of QT prolongation or uncorrected hypokalemia/hypomagnesemia
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
Increased anticoagulant effect, monitor INR closely.
Metformin
May affect metformin levels, monitor blood glucose.
Tizanidine
Increased plasma concentrations of tizanidine, significant hypotension and somnolence. Concomitant use is contraindicated.
Theophylline
Increased plasma levels of theophylline, leading to toxicity. Dose adjustment may be necessary.
Corticosteroids
Increased risk of tendinitis and tendon rupture.
Antacids (containing aluminum, magnesium, calcium)
Reduced absorption of ciprofloxacin. Administer Cipro-A 2 hours before or 6 hours after antacids.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from direct light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of overdose, gastric lavage may be considered. Support measures such as ensuring adequate hydration and monitoring renal function are important. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis remove only small amounts of ciprofloxacin.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use only if potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Ciprofloxacin is excreted into breast milk and may harm a nursing infant; a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin or other fluoroquinolones
- Concomitant use with tizanidine
- History of myasthenia gravis exacerbation
- History of QT prolongation or uncorrected hypokalemia/hypomagnesemia
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
Increased anticoagulant effect, monitor INR closely.
Metformin
May affect metformin levels, monitor blood glucose.
Tizanidine
Increased plasma concentrations of tizanidine, significant hypotension and somnolence. Concomitant use is contraindicated.
Theophylline
Increased plasma levels of theophylline, leading to toxicity. Dose adjustment may be necessary.
Corticosteroids
Increased risk of tendinitis and tendon rupture.
Antacids (containing aluminum, magnesium, calcium)
Reduced absorption of ciprofloxacin. Administer Cipro-A 2 hours before or 6 hours after antacids.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from direct light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of overdose, gastric lavage may be considered. Support measures such as ensuring adequate hydration and monitoring renal function are important. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis remove only small amounts of ciprofloxacin.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use only if potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Ciprofloxacin is excreted into breast milk and may harm a nursing infant; a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years from the manufacturing date when stored correctly.
Availability
Pharmacies, hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory bodies (e.g., FDA, DGDA)
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Numerous clinical trials have established the efficacy and safety of ciprofloxacin for various bacterial infections. Ongoing research explores its role in emerging resistance patterns, new therapeutic applications, and safety profiles.
Lab Monitoring
- Renal function tests (creatinine, BUN)
- Liver function tests (ALT, AST)
- Complete blood count (CBC)
- INR for patients on warfarin
- ECG for patients at risk of QT prolongation or electrolyte imbalances
Doctor Notes
- Counsel patients thoroughly on black box warnings, especially regarding tendon issues, peripheral neuropathy, CNS effects, and aortic aneurysm risk.
- Consider alternative antibiotics for uncomplicated infections to minimize fluoroquinolone-associated risks, especially in elderly and those with risk factors.
- Monitor renal function in elderly patients and those with pre-existing kidney disease, adjusting dosage as necessary.
- Advise patients to report any new or worsening symptoms, particularly musculoskeletal or neurological.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of antibiotics exactly as prescribed, even if symptoms improve.
- Avoid excessive sun exposure and use sunscreen due to photosensitivity.
- Report any pain, swelling, or inflammation of tendons (especially in the heel, shoulder, or elbow) immediately to your doctor.
- Stay well-hydrated during treatment.
- Avoid taking with dairy products, calcium-fortified juices, or antacids for several hours before/after the dose.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as remembered. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume the regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Driving Precautions
Ciprofloxacin may cause dizziness, lightheadedness, or visual disturbances, affecting the ability to drive or operate machinery. Patients should be advised to know how they react to the drug before driving or engaging in such activities.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hygiene to prevent reinfection and spread of bacteria.
- Follow a balanced diet and healthy lifestyle to support recovery.
- Avoid strenuous exercise that could strain tendons, especially during treatment.
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