Emixef
Generic Name
Cefixime
Manufacturer
Incepta Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| emixef 200 mg capsule | ৳ 35.00 | ৳ 210.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Cefixime is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections including those of the urinary tract, ear, throat, and respiratory system. It works by preventing the growth of bacteria.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
The usual adult dosage is 200-400 mg once daily or in two divided doses (e.g., 200 mg every 12 hours), depending on the severity of the infection. For uncomplicated gonorrhea, a single dose of 400 mg is usually recommended.
Elderly
No specific dosage adjustment is necessary for elderly patients unless there is significant renal impairment. Renal function should be monitored.
Renal_impairment
Dosage adjustment is required for patients with creatinine clearance <60 mL/min. For creatinine clearance between 21-60 mL/min, 75% of the standard dose should be given. For creatinine clearance <20 mL/min, 50% of the standard dose should be given.
How to Take
Emixef 200 mg Capsule should be taken orally, with or without food. It is important to complete the full course of treatment as prescribed by the doctor, even if symptoms improve earlier.
Mechanism of Action
Cefixime exerts its bactericidal effect by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. It binds to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, which are responsible for the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis. This ultimately leads to cell lysis and bacterial death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Peak plasma concentrations are generally achieved within 2 to 6 hours after oral administration.
Excretion
Approximately 50% of an absorbed dose is excreted unchanged in the urine over 24 hours. A small portion is excreted via bile.
Half life
The plasma half-life is typically 3-4 hours, which allows for once- or twice-daily dosing.
Absorption
Approximately 40-50% orally absorbed. Absorption may be slightly delayed by food but the extent of absorption is not significantly affected.
Metabolism
Cefixime is not extensively metabolized in the liver.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to cefixime or any other cephalosporin antibiotics.
- History of serious hypersensitivity reactions to penicillin or other beta-lactam antibiotics.
Drug Interactions
Nifedipine
May increase the absorption of cefixime.
Probenecid
May increase cefixime plasma concentrations and prolong its elimination half-life by decreasing renal excretion.
Carbamazepine
Elevated carbamazepine levels have been reported when cefixime is co-administered. Therapeutic drug monitoring of carbamazepine should be considered.
Warfarin and other anticoagulants
Concurrent administration may increase prothrombin time, with or without bleeding. Close monitoring of INR and prothrombin time is recommended.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from direct sunlight and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of overdose, gastric lavage may be indicated. There is no specific antidote for cefixime. Treatment should be symptomatic and supportive. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis does not significantly remove cefixime from the body.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have shown no evidence of harm to the fetus, but there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. It should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Cefixime is excreted in small amounts in human breast milk; use with caution in nursing mothers.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to cefixime or any other cephalosporin antibiotics.
- History of serious hypersensitivity reactions to penicillin or other beta-lactam antibiotics.
Drug Interactions
Nifedipine
May increase the absorption of cefixime.
Probenecid
May increase cefixime plasma concentrations and prolong its elimination half-life by decreasing renal excretion.
Carbamazepine
Elevated carbamazepine levels have been reported when cefixime is co-administered. Therapeutic drug monitoring of carbamazepine should be considered.
Warfarin and other anticoagulants
Concurrent administration may increase prothrombin time, with or without bleeding. Close monitoring of INR and prothrombin time is recommended.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from direct sunlight and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of overdose, gastric lavage may be indicated. There is no specific antidote for cefixime. Treatment should be symptomatic and supportive. Hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis does not significantly remove cefixime from the body.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have shown no evidence of harm to the fetus, but there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. It should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Cefixime is excreted in small amounts in human breast milk; use with caution in nursing mothers.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 24 to 36 months from the date of manufacture when stored under recommended conditions.
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
Approved
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Cefixime has undergone extensive clinical trials demonstrating its efficacy and safety for various bacterial infections. Ongoing research may explore new indications or formulations.
Lab Monitoring
- For prolonged therapy, periodic monitoring of renal function, hepatic function, and hematopoietic function is advisable.
- Prothrombin time or INR should be monitored closely in patients concurrently taking anticoagulants.
Doctor Notes
- Before prescribing, inquire about any history of hypersensitivity to cephalosporins or penicillins.
- Adjust dosage for patients with renal impairment.
- Emphasize the importance of completing the full antibiotic course to the patient to prevent resistance.
Patient Guidelines
- Always complete the full course of antibiotics as prescribed by your doctor, even if your symptoms improve early, to prevent antibiotic resistance and ensure complete eradication of the infection.
- Do not share your medication with others.
- Report any severe or persistent diarrhea to your doctor immediately, as it could be a sign of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Cefixime may cause dizziness in some patients. Patients should be advised to exercise caution when driving or operating machinery until they know how Cefixime affects them.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hygiene to prevent the spread of infection.
- Stay well-hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids.
- Avoid alcohol consumption during treatment as it may exacerbate side effects like nausea.
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