Kilmax
Generic Name
Cefuroxime Axetil
Manufacturer
Incepta Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| kilmax 125 mg suspension | ৳ 225.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Cefuroxime axetil is a broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections, especially in children, including respiratory tract, urinary tract, skin and soft tissue infections, and otitis media.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
Adult dosage (for 125mg suspension, if applicable, otherwise refer to higher strengths): Typically 250-500 mg twice daily. For suspension, generally not preferred for adults unless specified.
Children
Children (3 months to 12 years): 125 mg twice daily for most infections. For otitis media or more severe infections, 250 mg twice daily. Dosing is often weight-based for specific conditions.
Renal_impairment
Dose adjustment is required for patients with significant renal impairment (creatinine clearance <30 mL/min). Consult physician for specific guidelines.
How to Take
Kilmax-125 mg Suspension should be taken orally, preferably with food to enhance absorption. Shake the bottle well before each use. Use the provided measuring device for accurate dosing.
Mechanism of Action
Cefuroxime axetil is a bactericidal agent that acts by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. It binds to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, thereby inhibiting the third and final stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis. This leads to cell lysis and death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Peak plasma concentrations are generally achieved 2 to 3 hours after oral administration.
Excretion
Excreted unchanged in the urine, primarily via glomerular filtration and tubular secretion. Approximately 50% of an administered dose is excreted within 12 hours.
Half life
Approximately 1.2 to 1.5 hours.
Absorption
Rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and rapidly hydrolyzed by esterases to cefuroxime. Absorption is enhanced when taken with food.
Metabolism
The axetil moiety is hydrolyzed to cefuroxime in the intestinal mucosa and blood. Cefuroxime is not significantly metabolized in the liver.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to cefuroxime, other cephalosporins, or any component of the formulation.
- History of severe hypersensitivity reaction to any other type of beta-lactam antibacterial agents (e.g., penicillins, carbapenems, monobactams).
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Concomitant administration with probenecid increases the area under the serum concentration versus time curve by 50%.
Oral Anticoagulants
Cefuroxime may affect gut flora, leading to lower vitamin K levels and potentiation of anticoagulant effects. Monitor INR/PT.
Oral Contraceptives
May reduce the efficacy of oral contraceptives. Advise patients to use additional barrier methods of contraception.
Antacids and H2-blockers
Drugs that reduce gastric acidity may result in lower bioavailability of cefuroxime axetil and should be avoided or administered several hours apart.
Storage
Store the dry powder below 30°C, protected from light and moisture. Keep the reconstituted suspension refrigerated (2-8°C) and use within 10 days. Do not freeze the reconstituted suspension.
Overdose
Overdose of cephalosporins can lead to cerebral irritation, convulsions. Management should be symptomatic and supportive. Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis may be effective in removing cefuroxime from the body.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have shown no evidence of impaired fertility or harm to the fetus. Cefuroxime is excreted in small quantities in human milk. Use with caution, weigh potential benefits against risks. Consult a physician.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to cefuroxime, other cephalosporins, or any component of the formulation.
- History of severe hypersensitivity reaction to any other type of beta-lactam antibacterial agents (e.g., penicillins, carbapenems, monobactams).
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Concomitant administration with probenecid increases the area under the serum concentration versus time curve by 50%.
Oral Anticoagulants
Cefuroxime may affect gut flora, leading to lower vitamin K levels and potentiation of anticoagulant effects. Monitor INR/PT.
Oral Contraceptives
May reduce the efficacy of oral contraceptives. Advise patients to use additional barrier methods of contraception.
Antacids and H2-blockers
Drugs that reduce gastric acidity may result in lower bioavailability of cefuroxime axetil and should be avoided or administered several hours apart.
Storage
Store the dry powder below 30°C, protected from light and moisture. Keep the reconstituted suspension refrigerated (2-8°C) and use within 10 days. Do not freeze the reconstituted suspension.
Overdose
Overdose of cephalosporins can lead to cerebral irritation, convulsions. Management should be symptomatic and supportive. Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis may be effective in removing cefuroxime from the body.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have shown no evidence of impaired fertility or harm to the fetus. Cefuroxime is excreted in small quantities in human milk. Use with caution, weigh potential benefits against risks. Consult a physician.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Unreconstituted powder: 2 years from manufacturing date. Reconstituted suspension: 10 days when stored in a refrigerator (2-8°C).
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
DGDA Approved
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Cefuroxime axetil has undergone extensive clinical trials demonstrating its efficacy and safety across various bacterial infections in both adult and pediatric populations. Ongoing research explores its role in emerging resistance patterns and novel formulations.
Lab Monitoring
- Renal function tests, especially in patients with pre-existing renal impairment.
- Liver function tests if prolonged use or signs of hepatic dysfunction.
- Complete blood count (CBC) if prolonged use.
Doctor Notes
- Confirm bacterial susceptibility before initiating treatment, especially for severe infections.
- Be alert for signs of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD), which can occur even weeks after cessation of therapy.
- Adjust dose for renal impairment as necessary. Counsel patients on completing the full course of therapy.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of medication as prescribed, even if symptoms improve, to prevent recurrence and development of antibiotic resistance.
- Take the suspension with food to enhance absorption and reduce gastrointestinal upset.
- Shake the bottle well before each use and use the provided measuring device for accurate dosing.
- Do not store the reconstituted suspension in the freezer.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
Kilmax-125 mg Suspension may cause dizziness. Patients should be cautious when driving or operating machinery if they experience this side effect.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good personal hygiene to prevent the spread of infection.
- Drink plenty of fluids to stay hydrated, especially if experiencing diarrhea.
- Avoid self-medication with antibiotics.
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