Kilmax
Generic Name
Ciprofloxacin
Manufacturer
Hypothetical Pharma
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| kilmax 500 mg tablet | ৳ 45.00 | ৳ 360.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Kilmax 500 mg Tablet contains Ciprofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections including urinary tract infections, respiratory infections, and skin infections.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
250-750 mg orally twice daily, depending on the infection and severity.
Elderly
Similar to adult dosage, but dose adjustment may be needed based on renal function.
Renal_impairment
Dose reduction is necessary for patients with creatinine clearance <30 mL/min.
How to Take
Oral: Take with or without food. Do not take with dairy products or calcium-fortified juices alone. Swallow whole with water.
Mechanism of Action
Ciprofloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, enzymes necessary for bacterial DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination, leading to bacterial cell death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Within 1-2 hours
Excretion
Primarily via urine (50-70% as unchanged drug) and feces (15%).
Half life
Approximately 3-5 hours
Absorption
Rapid and well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract; bioavailability is approximately 70-80%.
Metabolism
Partially metabolized in the liver (10-20%) to less active metabolites.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin or other fluoroquinolones
- Concomitant use with Tizanidine
- History of tendinitis or tendon rupture associated with quinolone use
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
May enhance anticoagulant effects. Monitor INR.
Theophylline
Ciprofloxacin can increase theophylline levels, leading to toxicity. Monitor theophylline levels.
Antacids, Iron/Zinc supplements
Reduce absorption of ciprofloxacin. Take ciprofloxacin 2 hours before or 6 hours after these.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, tremor, headache, and confusion. Management includes gastric lavage, activated charcoal, and supportive care. Hemodialysis is not effective.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use only if potential benefit outweighs risk. Excreted into breast milk; avoid use during breastfeeding or discontinue breastfeeding.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin or other fluoroquinolones
- Concomitant use with Tizanidine
- History of tendinitis or tendon rupture associated with quinolone use
Drug Interactions
Warfarin
May enhance anticoagulant effects. Monitor INR.
Theophylline
Ciprofloxacin can increase theophylline levels, leading to toxicity. Monitor theophylline levels.
Antacids, Iron/Zinc supplements
Reduce absorption of ciprofloxacin. Take ciprofloxacin 2 hours before or 6 hours after these.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, tremor, headache, and confusion. Management includes gastric lavage, activated charcoal, and supportive care. Hemodialysis is not effective.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category C. Use only if potential benefit outweighs risk. Excreted into breast milk; avoid use during breastfeeding or discontinue breastfeeding.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
36 months
Availability
Pharmacies, hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by major regulatory bodies
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensive clinical trials have established the efficacy and safety of ciprofloxacin for various bacterial infections across diverse patient populations.
Lab Monitoring
- Renal function tests (e.g., creatinine clearance) in patients with impaired renal function
- Liver function tests (if signs of hepatotoxicity appear)
- INR (for patients on warfarin)
Doctor Notes
- Advise patients on potential tendon issues and to stop treatment immediately if symptoms occur.
- Caution with patients receiving concomitant corticosteroids.
- Monitor patients for signs of *Clostridioides difficile* infection if prolonged diarrhea develops.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of treatment, even if you feel better.
- Avoid excessive sun exposure due to photosensitivity.
- Drink plenty of fluids to prevent crystalluria.
- Report any tendon pain or unusual sensations immediately.
Missed Dose Advice
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Driving Precautions
May cause dizziness or lightheadedness, affecting ability to drive or operate machinery. Exercise caution.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hydration.
- Avoid alcohol, as it may exacerbate CNS side effects.
- Avoid activities requiring mental alertness if dizziness or confusion occurs.
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Global Brand Names
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