Avloclav
Generic Name
Amoxicillin and Clavulanic Acid
Manufacturer
Acme Laboratories Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| avloclav 1 gm injection | ৳ 300.00 | N/A |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Avloclav 1gm Injection is a combination antibiotic containing amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. It is used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections that are resistant to amoxicillin alone due to beta-lactamase producing bacteria.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
1.2 g (1 g Amoxicillin and 200 mg Clavulanic Acid) IV every 6-8 hours, depending on the severity of infection.
Elderly
Similar to adult dosage, but dose adjustment may be necessary based on renal function.
Renal_impairment
Dosage should be adjusted based on creatinine clearance. e.g., CrCl >30 mL/min: no dose adjustment; CrCl 10-30 mL/min: 1.2 g initial dose then 600 mg every 12 hours; CrCl <10 mL/min: 1.2 g initial dose then 600 mg every 24 hours.
How to Take
Administer by slow intravenous injection over 3-4 minutes or by intravenous infusion over 30-40 minutes. Reconstitute the powder for injection as per manufacturer's instructions.
Mechanism of Action
Amoxicillin inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis. Clavulanic acid is a beta-lactamase inhibitor that prevents the destruction of amoxicillin by bacterial beta-lactamase enzymes, thus extending amoxicillin's antibacterial spectrum.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Rapid, typically within minutes of intravenous administration.
Excretion
Both components are primarily excreted unchanged by the kidneys.
Half life
Amoxicillin: approximately 1-1.5 hours; Clavulanic acid: approximately 1 hour.
Absorption
Administered intravenously, leading to rapid and complete systemic absorption.
Metabolism
Amoxicillin undergoes limited metabolism. Clavulanic acid is extensively metabolized.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to penicillin or any beta-lactam antibiotic.
- History of amoxicillin/clavulanate-associated jaundice or hepatic dysfunction.
- Severe renal impairment (without dose adjustment).
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Decreases renal tubular secretion of amoxicillin, leading to increased and prolonged blood levels of amoxicillin.
Allopurinol
Increased incidence of skin rash when co-administered.
Methotrexate
May increase methotrexate toxicity by reducing its renal excretion.
Oral contraceptives
May reduce the efficacy of oral contraceptives; advise additional contraceptive measures.
Warfarin and other anticoagulants
May prolong prothrombin time; monitor INR closely.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place below 25°C, protected from light and moisture. Reconstituted solution should be used immediately or stored in a refrigerator (2-8°C) for a limited period as per specific product instructions.
Overdose
Overdose may lead to gastrointestinal symptoms and disturbances in fluid and electrolyte balance. Convulsions may occur in patients with impaired renal function or those receiving high doses. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. Hemodialysis may be effective in removing amoxicillin and clavulanic acid from the circulation.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have not shown harm to the fetus. Use during pregnancy and lactation should be done with caution and only if clearly needed after consulting a doctor.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to penicillin or any beta-lactam antibiotic.
- History of amoxicillin/clavulanate-associated jaundice or hepatic dysfunction.
- Severe renal impairment (without dose adjustment).
Drug Interactions
Probenecid
Decreases renal tubular secretion of amoxicillin, leading to increased and prolonged blood levels of amoxicillin.
Allopurinol
Increased incidence of skin rash when co-administered.
Methotrexate
May increase methotrexate toxicity by reducing its renal excretion.
Oral contraceptives
May reduce the efficacy of oral contraceptives; advise additional contraceptive measures.
Warfarin and other anticoagulants
May prolong prothrombin time; monitor INR closely.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place below 25°C, protected from light and moisture. Reconstituted solution should be used immediately or stored in a refrigerator (2-8°C) for a limited period as per specific product instructions.
Overdose
Overdose may lead to gastrointestinal symptoms and disturbances in fluid and electrolyte balance. Convulsions may occur in patients with impaired renal function or those receiving high doses. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. Hemodialysis may be effective in removing amoxicillin and clavulanic acid from the circulation.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have not shown harm to the fetus. Use during pregnancy and lactation should be done with caution and only if clearly needed after consulting a doctor.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 24 to 36 months from the date of manufacture when stored correctly.
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by DGDA
Patent Status
Generic
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensive clinical trials have established the efficacy and safety of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid combination for various bacterial infections.
Lab Monitoring
- Liver function tests (especially during prolonged therapy or in patients with pre-existing hepatic impairment).
- Renal function tests (for dose adjustment in renal impairment).
- Complete blood count (CBC) for prolonged use.
- INR monitoring if co-administered with anticoagulants.
Doctor Notes
- Confirm bacterial susceptibility before initiating therapy.
- Monitor liver and renal function, especially in elderly patients or those with pre-existing impairment.
- Adjust dose in renal impairment according to creatinine clearance.
- Advise patients on potential for C. difficile-associated diarrhea.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of treatment as prescribed by your doctor, even if symptoms improve.
- Report any severe or persistent side effects to your doctor immediately.
- Inform your doctor about all other medications, supplements, or herbal products you are taking.
- Do not share this medicine with others.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, administer it as soon as possible. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose. Consult your doctor or pharmacist.
Driving Precautions
This medicine may cause dizziness in some individuals. If you experience dizziness, avoid driving or operating machinery.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain good hydration during treatment.
- Get adequate rest to support recovery.
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine. Click a brand to search for detailed information.
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