Adults

The usual adult dose is one Avloclav 500 mg/125 mg tablet taken three times daily (every 8 hours). Dosage should be adjusted based on the severity of infection and patient's renal function.

Elderly

No specific dose adjustment is generally required for elderly patients unless there is evidence of renal impairment.

Renal_impairment

Dose adjustment is necessary for patients with renal impairment. For CrCl 10-30 mL/min, 500 mg/125 mg every 12 hours. For CrCl <10 mL/min, 500 mg/125 mg every 24 hours. Hemodialysis patients should receive 500 mg/125 mg every 24 hours, with an additional dose given during and at the end of dialysis.

Onset

Onset of action typically within 1 hour.

Excretion

Both amoxicillin and clavulanic acid are primarily excreted unchanged in the urine, mainly by tubular secretion and glomerular filtration.

Half life

Amoxicillin: Approximately 1-1.5 hours; Clavulanic acid: Approximately 1 hour.

Absorption

Both amoxicillin and clavulanic acid are well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration. Peak plasma concentrations are achieved within approximately 1-2 hours.

Metabolism

Amoxicillin undergoes minimal metabolism. Clavulanic acid is extensively metabolized.

Probenecid

Decreases renal tubular secretion of amoxicillin, leading to increased and prolonged blood levels of amoxicillin. Concomitant use is not recommended.

Allopurinol

Increased incidence of skin rash when co-administered with amoxicillin.

Methotrexate

May increase methotrexate toxicity due to reduced renal tubular secretion of methotrexate.

Warfarin and other oral anticoagulants

May prolong prothrombin time (INR). Close monitoring of INR is recommended.