Cabergol
Generic Name
Cabergoline
Manufacturer
Various Pharmaceutical Companies
Country
Global
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| cabergol 05 mg tablet | ৳ 80.00 | ৳ 160.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Cabergoline is a dopamine D2 receptor agonist used to treat disorders associated with hyperprolactinemia, such as amenorrhea, galactorrhea, infertility, and impotence. It works by reducing the amount of prolactin released from the pituitary gland.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
For hyperprolactinemia: Initially 0.25 mg twice weekly, gradually increased, usually up to 1 mg twice weekly. For lactation suppression: 1 mg as a single dose.
Elderly
No specific dosage adjustments recommended, but caution advised due to potential age-related organ function decline.
Renal_impairment
No specific dosage adjustment required.
How to Take
Administer orally, preferably with food to reduce nausea, twice weekly on separate days.
Mechanism of Action
Cabergoline is a synthetic ergot derivative and a long-acting dopamine D2 receptor agonist. It directly stimulates dopamine D2 receptors on lactotroph cells in the anterior pituitary gland, thereby inhibiting prolactin secretion.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Prolactin-lowering effect typically within 3 hours.
Excretion
Primarily excreted in feces (60%) and urine (22%) as metabolites.
Half life
The elimination half-life is approximately 63-68 hours in healthy volunteers and 79-115 hours in patients with hyperprolactinemia.
Absorption
Rapidly absorbed after oral administration. Peak plasma concentrations reached within 0.5 to 4 hours. Absolute bioavailability is unknown.
Metabolism
Extensively metabolized in the liver. No significant first-pass effect.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Uncontrolled hypertension
- Hypersensitivity to cabergoline or other ergot derivatives
- History of pulmonary, pericardial, or retroperitoneal fibrotic disorders
- Severe hepatic impairment
- Pregnancy-induced hypertension (e.g., preeclampsia, eclampsia)
Drug Interactions
Antihypertensives
May potentiate hypotensive effects.
Other ergot alkaloids
Concurrent use may increase adverse effects.
CYP3A4 inhibitors/inducers
Minimal impact as cabergoline is not extensively metabolized by CYP3A4.
Dopamine antagonists (e.g., phenothiazines, butyrophenones, thioxanthenes, metoclopramide)
May reduce the prolactin-lowering effect of cabergoline.
Storage
Store below 25°C, protected from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose are likely to be related to overstimulation of dopamine receptors (e.g., nausea, vomiting, gastric complaints, orthostatic hypotension, hallucination, psychosis). Treatment involves general supportive measures to remove unabsorbed drug and maintain blood pressure. Dopamine antagonists may be considered.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy: Category B. Limited human data, but animal studies show no evidence of teratogenicity. Should only be used if clearly needed. Lactation: Cabergoline inhibits lactation, so it is contraindicated in women wishing to breastfeed. It is unknown if cabergoline is excreted in human milk, but its prolactin-inhibiting effects would prevent milk production.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
2-3 years from manufacturing date
Availability
Available in pharmacies and hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by major regulatory bodies (e.g., FDA, EMA)
Patent Status
Off-patent (Generic available)
Clinical Trials
Extensively studied in clinical trials for hyperprolactinemia, demonstrating efficacy and safety profile.
Lab Monitoring
- Serum prolactin levels (regularly)
- Blood pressure monitoring
- Echocardiogram (before and periodically during long-term treatment, especially at high doses)
- Liver function tests (periodically)
Doctor Notes
- Advise patients to report any cardiovascular symptoms or difficulty breathing.
- Baseline echocardiogram is crucial before initiating long-term therapy.
- Gradual dose titration is essential to minimize adverse effects.
Patient Guidelines
- Take exactly as prescribed, do not stop without consulting your doctor.
- Take with food to minimize gastrointestinal upset.
- Report any unusual symptoms, especially shortness of breath, persistent cough, chest pain, or swelling.
- Avoid alcohol as it may worsen side effects like dizziness.
Missed Dose Advice
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Driving Precautions
Cabergoline may cause dizziness, drowsiness, or impaired vision. Patients should be advised not to drive or operate machinery if they experience these symptoms.
Lifestyle Advice
- Maintain a healthy diet and regular exercise.
- Stay hydrated.
- Avoid sudden changes in posture to minimize orthostatic hypotension.
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine
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