Medicine Information

Empazin-L

Name: Empazin-L
Brand: Empazin-L
Rating: 4.5 (117 reviews)

Tablet25 mgAngiotensin II Receptor Blocker (ARB)ATC: C09CA01

Generic Name

Losartan Potassium 25 mg Tablet

Manufacturer

Acme Pharmaceuticals

Country

Bangladesh

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Price Details

Current market pricing information

Variant	Unit Price	Strip Price
empazin l 25 mg tablet	৳ 35.00	৳ 350.00

Description

Overview of the medicine

Losartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension) and to reduce the risk of stroke in patients with hypertension and an enlarged heart. It is also used to treat kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Uses & Indications

Hypertension

Reduction of stroke risk in patients with hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy

Diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetic patients with a history of hypertension

Dosage

Adults

Initial dose typically 50 mg once daily. Can be increased to 100 mg daily or reduced to 25 mg once daily. For 25 mg tablet, it's often an initial or lower maintenance dose.

Elderly

No initial dosage adjustment generally required unless there is hepatic impairment.

Renal_impairment

No initial dosage adjustment required for mild to moderate renal impairment. A lower starting dose (e.g., 25 mg) may be considered for severe impairment.

How to Take

Oral administration, can be taken with or without food. Typically once daily.

Mechanism of Action

Losartan selectively blocks the binding of angiotensin II to the AT1 receptor found in many tissues (e.g., vascular smooth muscle, adrenal gland). This blockade prevents the vasoconstrictive and aldosterone-secreting effects of angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation and reduced blood pressure.

Pharmacokinetics

Onset

Blood pressure lowering effect begins within 6 hours, maximal effect within 3-6 weeks.

Excretion

Approximately 35% via urine and 60% via feces.

Half life

Losartan: 2 hours; Active metabolite (E-3174): 6-9 hours.

Absorption

Well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Undergoes significant first-pass metabolism. Bioavailability is approximately 33%. Peak plasma concentration of losartan is reached in 1 hour and for its active metabolite (E-3174) in 3-4 hours.

Metabolism

Extensively metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP2C9 and CYP3A4) to an active carboxylic acid metabolite (E-3174) and several inactive metabolites.

Side Effects

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to losartan or any component of the formulation
Pregnancy (second and third trimesters)
Concomitant use with aliskiren in patients with diabetes mellitus or renal impairment (GFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m²)

Drug Interactions

Lithium

Increased serum lithium concentrations and toxicity.

Aliskiren

Increased risk of hypotension, hyperkalemia, and renal impairment.

Diuretics (e.g., Furosemide)

Increased risk of hypotension.

NSAIDs (e.g., Ibuprofen, Naproxen)

May reduce antihypertensive effect and increase risk of renal impairment.

Potassium-sparing diuretics (e.g., Spironolactone) and Potassium supplements

Increased risk of hyperkalemia.

Storage

Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.

Overdose

Symptoms include hypotension and tachycardia; bradycardia could also occur. Management is primarily supportive, including IV fluid administration for hypotension. Hemodialysis is unlikely to remove losartan effectively.

Pregnancy & Lactation

Not recommended during pregnancy, especially in the second and third trimesters, due to risk of fetal injury or death. Use in lactation is not recommended due to potential risk to the nursing infant.

Frequently Asked Questions

Common questions about this medicine

Pack Sizes

10 tablets per blister, 3 blisters per box10 tablets per blister, 5 blisters per box

Shelf Life

36 months

Availability

Pharmacies, Hospitals

Approval Status

Approved

Patent Status

Off-patent

WHO Essential Medicine

Yes

Clinical Trials

Extensive clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of losartan in reducing blood pressure, preventing cardiovascular events, and protecting kidneys in diabetic nephropathy. Key trials include the LIFE study (Losartan Intervention For Endpoint reduction in hypertension study) and the RENAAL study (Reduction of Endpoints in NIDDM with the Angiotensin II Antagonist Losartan).

Lab Monitoring

Serum creatinine
Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
Serum potassium
Liver function tests (periodically)

Doctor Notes

Advise patients to report any swelling of the face, lips, or tongue immediately.
Monitor serum potassium and renal function periodically, especially in patients with pre-existing renal impairment or those on potassium-sparing diuretics.
Counsel pregnant patients about the risks of fetal toxicity if continued during pregnancy.

Patient Guidelines

Take exactly as prescribed by your doctor.
Do not stop taking this medication without consulting your doctor.
Monitor your blood pressure regularly at home.
Avoid potassium-rich foods or supplements unless advised by your doctor.

Missed Dose Advice

If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.

Driving Precautions

May cause dizziness, especially at the start of treatment. Patients should be cautious when driving or operating machinery until they know how the medicine affects them.