Avlosef
Generic Name
Cefixime
Manufacturer
Renata Limited
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| avlosef 500 mg capsule | ৳ 15.05 | ৳ 60.20 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Avlosef 500 mg Capsule is an antibiotic used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria and is effective against infections of the urinary tract, ears, throat, lungs, and skin.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
The usual adult dose is 400 mg once daily or 200 mg twice daily. For Avlosef 500 mg, usually 500 mg once daily for 7 to 14 days, depending on the infection severity and type.
Elderly
No dosage adjustment is generally required in elderly patients, unless there is significant renal impairment. Monitor renal function.
Renal_impairment
For patients with creatinine clearance less than 60 mL/min, dosage adjustment is necessary. For CrCl 21-60 mL/min, reduce dose to 300 mg daily. For CrCl less than 20 mL/min, reduce dose to 200 mg daily. Not dialyzable.
How to Take
Take Avlosef 500 mg Capsule orally with a full glass of water. It can be taken with or without food. To minimize stomach upset, it may be taken with food. Do not chew or crush the capsule; swallow it whole.
Mechanism of Action
Cefixime, a third-generation cephalosporin, exerts its bactericidal effect by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. It binds to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, which prevents the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis, thereby inhibiting cell wall biosynthesis and leading to cell lysis and bacterial death.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Peak plasma concentrations are achieved in 2 to 6 hours (average 3-4 hours) after oral administration.
Excretion
Approximately 50% of the absorbed dose is excreted unchanged in the urine over 24 hours. A small amount is excreted via bile.
Half life
The serum half-life is typically 3 to 4 hours, but can extend up to 9 hours in some cases, particularly in patients with renal impairment.
Absorption
Approximately 40-50% orally absorbed. Absorption is not significantly altered by the presence of food.
Metabolism
Cefixime is not extensively metabolized in vivo. There is no evidence of hepatic metabolism in humans.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to cefixime, other cephalosporins, or to any of the excipients.
- Patients with a history of anaphylaxis to penicillin should be avoided due to the risk of cross-hypersensitivity.
Drug Interactions
Nifedipine
May increase cefixime Cmax and AUC.
Carbamazepine
Cefixime may increase carbamazepine levels.
Oral Contraceptives
Potential for reduced efficacy of oral contraceptives (though clinical significance is debated).
Warfarin and other anticoagulants
May increase prothrombin time (PT) and International Normalized Ratio (INR), increasing the risk of bleeding.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry place below 30°C. Protect from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
In case of overdose, gastric lavage may be indicated. Cefixime is not removed in significant quantities by hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have not shown harm to the fetus, but there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Cefixime is excreted in small amounts into breast milk; use with caution in nursing mothers.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2 to 3 years from the date of manufacture.
Availability
Available in pharmacies and hospitals
Approval Status
Approved (DGDA, FDA)
Patent Status
Off-patent
WHO Essential Medicine
YesClinical Trials
Extensive clinical trials have established the efficacy and safety of cefixime for its approved indications. Ongoing research focuses on its role in emerging antibiotic resistance and new formulations.
Lab Monitoring
- Renal function tests (e.g., serum creatinine, BUN) in patients with pre-existing renal impairment or during prolonged therapy.
- Complete Blood Count (CBC) for prolonged therapy, especially if signs of hematological abnormalities appear.
- Liver function tests (LFTs) if clinically indicated.
Doctor Notes
- Emphasize the importance of completing the full antibiotic course to patients.
- Advise monitoring for signs of C. difficile infection (e.g., severe, watery diarrhea, abdominal pain) during and after treatment.
- Consider renal function in elderly patients or those with pre-existing renal impairment for dose adjustment.
Patient Guidelines
- Complete the full course of medication, even if symptoms improve, to prevent recurrence and development of antibiotic resistance.
- Do not share this medication with others.
- Inform your doctor or pharmacist if you experience any severe or persistent side effects.
Missed Dose Advice
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Driving Precautions
Cefixime may cause dizziness in some patients. If you experience dizziness, avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until you know how the medication affects you.
Lifestyle Advice
- Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids.
- Avoid alcohol consumption while taking antibiotics, as it may worsen side effects.
- Maintain good personal hygiene to prevent further infections.
Alternative Medicines in Bangladesh
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine
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