Medicine Information

Cloxacin

Name: Cloxacin
Brand: Cloxacin
Rating: 4.5 (117 reviews)

Oral Suspension125 mg/5 mLAnti-bacterial (Penicillinase-resistant Penicillin)ATC: J01CF02

Generic Name

Cloxacillin 125 mg Suspension

Manufacturer

Acme Laboratories Ltd.

Country

Bangladesh

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Price Details

Current market pricing information

Variant	Unit Price	Strip Price
cloxacin 125 mg suspension	৳ 72.27	N/A

Description

Overview of the medicine

Cloxacillin is a penicillinase-resistant penicillin antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections, particularly those caused by penicillinase-producing staphylococci.

Uses & Indications

Skin and soft tissue infections (e.g., cellulitis, abscesses, furunculosis)

Bone and joint infections (e.g., osteomyelitis, septic arthritis)

Respiratory tract infections (e.g., pneumonia, bronchitis) caused by susceptible staphylococci

Endocarditis and septicaemia caused by penicillinase-producing staphylococci

Dosage

Adults

Oral: 250-500 mg every 6 hours, 30-60 minutes before meals. Severe infections may require higher doses.

Elderly

No specific dose adjustment is usually needed unless there is significant renal impairment.

Children

Oral: 50-100 mg/kg/day in divided doses every 6 hours. For this 125 mg/5 mL suspension, typical doses for children vary by age/weight, e.g., 62.5-125 mg every 6 hours.

Renal_impairment

In severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance <10 mL/min), consider reducing the dose or extending the dosing interval.

How to Take

This suspension should be taken orally, preferably on an empty stomach (e.g., 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals) to ensure optimal absorption. Shake well before use. Use a measuring spoon or cup for accurate dosing.

Mechanism of Action

Cloxacillin works by inhibiting the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall, leading to bacterial lysis and death. It is resistant to degradation by penicillinase enzymes produced by certain bacteria.

Pharmacokinetics

Onset

Relatively rapid, typically within 1 hour after oral administration.

Excretion

Primarily excreted unchanged in the urine (about 30-50% within 6 hours) and also via biliary excretion.

Half life

Approximately 0.5 to 1.5 hours in adults with normal renal function.

Absorption

Well absorbed orally, but absorption is reduced when taken with food. Peak plasma concentrations usually occur within 1-2 hours.

Metabolism

Partially metabolized in the liver, with some active metabolites formed.

Side Effects

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to Cloxacillin or any other penicillin antibiotic.
History of severe hypersensitivity reaction to other beta-lactam antibiotics (e.g., cephalosporins).

Drug Interactions

Warfarin

Cloxacillin may increase the anticoagulant effect of warfarin. Monitor INR closely.

Methotrexate

May decrease the renal excretion of methotrexate, potentially increasing its toxicity.

Tetracyclines

May interfere with the bactericidal effect of Cloxacillin.

Oral Contraceptives

Penicillins may reduce the efficacy of oral contraceptives (though evidence is limited).

Storage

Store the dry powder below 30°C, protected from light and moisture. After reconstitution, store in a refrigerator (2-8°C) and discard after 7 days. Do not freeze.

Overdose

Symptoms of overdose may include severe nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and convulsions in severe cases. Management is supportive and symptomatic, focusing on maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance. Hemodialysis may be considered in severe cases.

Pregnancy & Lactation

Pregnancy Category B. Cloxacillin is generally considered safe during pregnancy, but it should be used only if clearly needed. It is excreted in breast milk; use with caution during lactation. Monitor breastfed infants for potential side effects like diarrhea or candidiasis.

Frequently Asked Questions

Common questions about this medicine

Pack Sizes

60 mL suspension100 mL suspension

Shelf Life

24-36 months (unreconstituted powder). Reconstituted suspension: 7 days when refrigerated (2-8°C).

Availability

Available in pharmacies and hospitals

Approval Status

Approved (e.g., FDA/DGDA)

Patent Status

Off-patent

WHO Essential Medicine

Yes

Clinical Trials

Cloxacillin has been extensively studied since its introduction in the 1960s. Numerous clinical trials have confirmed its efficacy and safety in treating susceptible staphylococcal infections. Ongoing surveillance studies track resistance patterns.

Lab Monitoring

Renal function tests (e.g., serum creatinine, BUN) during prolonged therapy, especially in patients with pre-existing renal impairment.
Liver function tests (e.g., ALT, AST, bilirubin) in patients receiving high doses or prolonged therapy, or with a history of liver disease.
Complete blood count (CBC) during prolonged therapy to monitor for hematological abnormalities.

Doctor Notes

Always inquire about penicillin allergy before prescribing Cloxacillin.
Monitor renal and hepatic function, especially during prolonged or high-dose therapy.
Advise patients to complete the full course of treatment to prevent resistance.

Patient Guidelines

Complete the full course of treatment as prescribed by your doctor, even if symptoms improve.
Do not stop taking the medicine early, as this may lead to recurrent infection or antibiotic resistance.
Shake the suspension well before each use and use the provided measuring device for accurate dosing.
Store the reconstituted suspension in the refrigerator and discard any unused portion after the recommended period (usually 7-14 days).

Missed Dose Advice

If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.

Driving Precautions

Cloxacillin is generally not expected to affect the ability to drive or operate machinery. However, if you experience dizziness or other side effects that impair your concentration, avoid these activities.

Lifestyle Advice

Maintain good hydration by drinking plenty of fluids.
Avoid alcohol if it aggravates gastrointestinal side effects.
Practice good hygiene to prevent spread of infection.

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